The paper presents the results of developing and improving the
systems and methods of high-temperature hydrogasdynamic and mass transfer modeling of top and combined blowing in a converter bath. The role of the Chair “Ferrous Metallurgy” of Siberian State Industrial University in the development of theoretical aspects of blowing the metal melt in converter with gas jets has been shown. Owing to the use of converters with viewing windows, the usage of special techniques of visualization of the reaction zone and a video, it has been able to observe and record the picture of physical phenomena on the surface of the blown bath converter with the video camera. The developed technique of a converter transparent wall has allowed obtaining reliable information on the condition and movement of slag-metal interface at various ways of blowing and formation mechanism of emissions. The developed and proved main propositions of the methodology of high-temperature simulation of different options of converter bath blowing with a proposal of the dynamic similarity criteria allow with high confidence to transfer
the data obtained from the model for the industrial design. Practical options of the approach have been proposed to study hydrogasdynamic and heat-and-mass transfer processes occurring in the main reaction zones of a converter workspace at the top and combined blowing.

Manganese ores are detected in the Altai – Sayan metallogenic
zone, they can be referred to the polymetallic ores, but they
cannot be used for standard alloys production without preliminary
dressing as they have a high content of phosphorus and iron. Thermodynamic calculations and experimental investigations on polymetallic manganese raw material dressing have determined some basic technological parameters of recovering and technological
diagram of dressing. Obtaining of high- quality concentrates of manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt is possible due to that technological diagram. The application of optimal technological parameters of dressing can retrieve up to 95 – 97 % of manganese, 98 – 99 % of nickel and 96 – 98 % of iron from polymetallic manganesecontaining raw material. It has been demonstrated that manganese concentrate can be used for manganese smelting and for  teels with low content of phosphorus, and that allows reducing import of manganese materials. The technology of steel alloying with the usage of the obtained nickel concentrate has been worked out; and when metallic nickel is substituted by nickel concentrate, the costs for alloying are reduced considerably. The technology of
metalized iron obtaining by the method of solid-phase recovery and iron concentrate has been worked out, and it can allow decreasing 
harmful impurities in steel.

The equilibrium compositions of high-silicon metal melts, which
coexist with the slag of the CaO – Al2O3 – SiO2 system, have been determined. Dependences of the activity of silicon in iron-silicon melts have been represented as lines of isoactivities on the Fe – Si state diagram. Equilibrium with the metal melt relationships lg PO2
= f (xSi , T) for temperatures of 1823, 1873, 1973 K and influence of aSiO2 = f (xSi , T) on the equilibrium composition of the gas phase (PO2= f (xSi , T, aSiO2)) have been calculated. Data on the activity of silicon dioxide in the CaO – Al2O3 – SiO2 slag system have been analyzed and corrected. It has been shown that each alloy of the given composition at a fixed temperature corresponds to only one value of aSiO2 , which is represented on the concentration diagram of the lines of isoactivity. It has been established that in the presence of carbon all high-silicon alloys can be obtained at temperatures of T ≥ 1973 K at the values of aSiO2 > 0.8; at
1873 K and aSiO2 > 0.9 can be obtained only alloys with silicon content, which is less than 25 %, and the decrease of aSiO2
up to 0.4 to less than 20 %. At lower temperatures (≤ 1823 K) under acidic slag (aSiO2> 0.5) only low-silicon alloys can be obtained (< 15 % Si).

Based on the modeling results of the processes of high-quality
rolling in calibers of a simple form, the flow patterns of surface layers of the blanks and their influence on the formation of stress-strain state of the metal in the rolling process have been determined and confirmed experimentally. Subject to the formed recommendations a new calibration of rolls of roughing mill of continuous light-section mill 250-2 of OJSC «EVRAZ ZSMK» has been developed and passed the trial approbation. Its use has increased the yield in the production of high-quality rolled structural steel by 3 %. The evaluation to improve the production efficiency by increasing productivity in the implementation process of rolling-separation under the existing continuous light-section mill 250-1 of OJSC «EVRAZ ZSMK» has been conducted. A technique for determining the multiplicity of separation depending on the desired performance increments has been offered, as well as provided the guidance on the calculation of the speed limit in the roughing and finishing stand continuous mill, the actual data on the change of the total reduction ratio and speed conditions on groups stands in the preparation of rebars no. 10, no. 12, no. 14.

Despite of the great variety of rails types used in the industry,
methods of their calibration are almost identical. However, calibration of girder rails, mainly used for tramways, in contrast to conventional rails has its own peculiarities in the formation of the girder. The paper presents the results of the computer simulation and industrial experiments that include investigations of the distribution of axial porosity and evaluation of the strain state of metal during its rolling in roughing and finishing calibers for the development and introduction of a new rolling technology of tramway girder rails. According to the results of the conducted computer simulation the industrial study of axial distribution of porosity by rolling in the rough box-caliber stand BD-1 and split rail caliber stand BD-2 was carried out. Microstructure examination was made at the templates of continuous casting block, after the second, after the seventh and ninth passes in the stands BD-1, BD-2. The results of the industrial experiment showed a good agreement with the computer simulation results

Electrodeposition conditions, structure and physicomechanical
properties (microhardness, coupling with a basis, internal tension,
wear resistance, corrosion currents) of metalmatrix composite coverings on the basis of nickel with nanopowder (NP) of titanium carbide (dimensional range (0.02 – 0.08 microns)) and its micropowder (MT) (1 – 5 micron) were investigated. It was established that at electrodeposition of nickel from electrolyte – suspension metal nickel at first is besieged on the nanoparticles weighed in electrolyte then nanoparticles are strongly attached to a substrate, easily and evenly grow into a deposit. Unlike micropowder, nanopowder of carbide is not only a filler, and acts as a strong structure-forming agent in the course of electrocrystallization of nickel and provides its mass multigerminal character that leads to formation of coverings with small sizes of structural fragments, characteristic opaque color, almost pore-free with the increased physicomechanical properties. The coverings contained, %: Ni – 97.39; O – 1.79; Ti – 0.65; C – 0.17. Annealing of coverings in vacuum promotes increased their coupling with a basis in 1.3 times, microhardness - in 1.2 times, wear resistance in 1.3 times. Therefore the Ni – NP TiC covering can be recommended for anticorrosive protection and hardening of the details working very hard at average district speeds and low specific loadings

The paper presents the new knowledge about influence of zirconium
as an ingredient of ionic-plasma (Ti, Zr)N coating which was spread on VK10 KS alloy. Ionic-plasma (Ti, Zr)N coating was spread with the use of “Kvant-6” equipment and separate cathodes made from 50 % Ti + 50 % Zr. N2 was used as a reaction gas. In this case two cathodes made from TiN were situated in the chamber of the equipment one against another but the cathode made from ZrN was between them. It was found out that introduction of zirconium into composition of the coating leads to increase of nanohardness as much as 23 % up to 38 500 MPa and Young’s modulus – as much as 67 %, which characterizes the increase of energy of atomic bonds and materials strength. Also it leads to increase of antifriction ability and decrease of friction constant of coating up to μ = 0.07, satisfactory adhesive strength of coating, i.e. generally improves the service features of the whole alloy.

The electron-beam treatment of different classes of steels (Fe–
0.1C–18Cr–10Ni–1Ti, Fe–0.2C–23Cr–18Ni, Fe–0.2C–13Cr, Fe–
0.76C–1V) and silumin (Al – 12 % Si) with the parameters: electron
beam energy density 10 – 40 J/cm2, pulse duration 50 – 150 μs, pulse number 3 – 5, frequency 0.3 Hz) leads to the increase of cycle numbers up to the fracture in ~ 3.5 times. The studies of structure-phase states and defect substructure of these materials were carried out using the methods of scanning and transmission electron diffraction microscopy. It was shown that the increase in fatigue life of steel is due to the transformation of the structure of the surface layer of the material occurring during irradiation of samples high-intensity pulsed electron beam. It was suggested that the physical sense of the impact of multi-level structure-phase state on the mechanical properties of the surface layer of the material is in the redistribution of elastic energy as due to the interaction of the elastic fields of structural elements of different scale levels, and by reducing the scale level of plastic strain localization.

Organic waste makes up the bulk of all hazardous waste. Organic
waste containing chlorine has a particular danger to the environment. The main method of reduction of hazardous organic waste in the world is high-temperature incineration in special incinerators, as well as in rotary cement kilns. However, there is a danger of secondary generation of supertoxicants as dioxins and furans. The performed comparative analysis of the conditions of generation of dioxins in incinerators, cement kilns and high-temperature metallurgical aggregates (an oxygen steel-making converter) has shown the benefits of the last due to the high temperature, the intensity of heat and mass transfer, the active oxidizing atmosphere, the highly basic slag, rapid cooling and afterburning off-gas. The conducted studies of the content of 17 isomers of dioxins and furans in the dust in converter gas on comparative and experimental melts using paper and plastic waste in conditions of OJSC “EVRAZ ZSMK” have shown that their total concentration is significantly lower than the European standards for off-gases from stationary sources. Significant differences in the concentrations and in the isomeric profile of dioxins and furans on the comparative experimental melts have not been found.

The accumulated wastes in the dumps and sludge collector of metallurgical enterprises, including the preparation of raw materials (mining, agglomeration, al.), metallurgical and related industries can be used as raw materials in various industries, and, above all, in the steel industry. The reduction tendency of iron ore storage makes the processing of industrial waste particularly urgent for production of man-made iron ore. In the sludge collector of the West Siberian Steel Plant (OJSC “EVRAS ZSMK”) for more than 50 years waste from different industries have been stored: coal washing rock, ash from burning coal of power plants, sludge of gas cleaning systems of metallurgical units. In connection with the termination of operation of the sludge collector the development of technology for the processing of the accumulated technological waste is the urgent task. In order to assess the prospects of producing of iron concentrates from the main types of waste placed in the sludge collectors, a complex study of the mineral composition and crystal structure of iron-bearing minerals has been carried out using Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, as well as chemical analysis and optical microscopy. It has been revealed that significant differences in the location of iron in the waste from various origins lead to the specifics of their elaboration technologies.

The problem of creation of the timing model for difficult production systems and their application in reengineering of ferrous metallurgical enterprises are considered. The classification of timing models was carried out by their appointment, scale of the research object, degree of continuity of a material stream, quantity of simultaneously processed semi-products, number of production operations, importance of the equipment, statistical characteristics of a time step, extent of mechanization and automation of the equipment, by an entrance and an exit of a material stream. The leading role of the indicator “productivity” and its connection with other technical and economic indicators of a production system was shown. The factorial model of system capacity is given and the fundamental factor, namely a time step of system, is allocated. The basic formula for the estimation of productivity was offered on the basis of a time step. The technique of identification of “bottlenecks” of a production system on the basis of a timing approach and an assessment of actions efficiency of reengineering is shown. The example of the application of timing models for the analysis of “bottlenecks” in rolling production is given. Possibility of timing models application is noted for planning, forecasting and operational management of production.

This article analyzes the current state and prospects of development
of control systems with structural diversity. The construction of such systems is based on the synthesis of the joint control object and control subsystem. In this case, the control object is an object with a purposefully changing structure. The need to develop new approaches, methods and algorithms for control objects with structural diversity has been showed. The generalized scheme of control system with purposefully variable structure was presented and three types of implementation of the scheme have been identified. Two problems that arise in the development of small analog control objects, which can then be used as physical models of control systems, have been formulated. They are, firstly, ensuring similarity of control system of physical model and full-scale (industrial) control system, and, secondly, the development of the governance structure of the physical model proposed by the academician Krasovskii A.A. The control circuit of control systems
similarity has been considered and a variant of control system with the physical model has been offered. The general structure of an identifier in the form of a closed dynamical system has been given.

The article discusses the management of objects with positive
feedback or recycles. Introduction of positive feedbacks in the management objects of different nature gives them qualitatively new properties and change significantly the dynamics of behavior that requires a special approach in the regulation. There is classification of recycle objects with the release of four types: recycle under “concentration”, “weight”, “weight and concentration”, as well as objects with “coordinate and parametric effect recycles”. The authors describe the structure of the object model to recycle for the first three classes in general. The control system for objects recycle under “weight” and the system of coordinate-parametric control object recycle are shown. The results of analytical and numerical studies, the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of control systems, as well as graphics transients under “feedforward control” and “target control” are represented in the paper.

The method of calculation of the cutting force on the scissors at pre-curved strip cutting has been offered. It was determined that at maximum cutting force of pre-cutting curved strip is less than at cutting of the straight one.