To the memory of Yulian Yusfin.

Abstract. Regarding to the iron ore agglomerates of various (CaO / SiO2 ) basicity the authors have investigated the formation of ferriferous silicate melt during sintering of sinter ore with magnetite crystals of different structures – homogeneous and heterogeneous. Magnetite crystals of homogeneous structure, with close to stoichiometry composition, take an active part in the formation of ferriferous silicate melt. The ore grains ligaments in the form of iron and calcium containing olivine are locally formed on the place of the melt in the agglomerates of low basicity. With the growth of the agglomerates basicity and increasing the oxidation potential of the gas phase instead of silicate the high-iron ligaments of aluminum silicoferrite appear to form a frame structure of the agglomerates. Magnetite crystals of heterogeneous structure, as a product of decomposition of the solid solution, impede the transition of magnetite iron into the ferriferous silicate melt. Low content of iron oxide in the melt expands the range of crystallization of silicate ligaments and reduces the area of ferritic ligaments in the agglomerate. Failure of magnetite of heterogeneous structure to participate in formation of a melt excludes the possibility of appearance of high-iron aluminum silicoferrite in agglomerates ligament. As a result, the process of ferrite formation in the agglomerates of high basicity begins with the appearance of high-calcium ferrites.

Abstract. The mathematical model to determine the key local and average integral electromagnetic forces acting on the arc discharges in the threephase arc furnace has been given. There are the forces acting on the arc column, which are caused by currents fl owing through the liquid metal, the forces of the electromagnetic interaction of the arc with other arcs and currents fl owing through the graphite electrodes and the forces of the interaction of the arc with its own magnetic fi eld. Through computer simulations it is shown that in three-phase arc furnace, when the distances between the electrodes are less than 1.5 – 2.5 of the arc lengths the most signifi cant infl uence on the behavior of the electric arc and its form have the forces of the electromagnetic interaction between the currents fl owing through the arc and graphite electrodes, and at large distances the most signifi cant infl uence on the behavior of the electric arc and its form have the force of interaction of the arcs with currents fl owing through the liquid metal. It was found that average resultant electromagnetic force acting on the arc can signifi cantly defl ect it from a straight line connecting the center of the electrodes and the axis of the electrode.

Abstract. This article examines the strain distribution across the thickness of a wide balk with bending cycle with an amplitude of deformation 15 and 5 %. It was found that as a consequence of displacement of the neutral line deformation in the direction of compressed fibers distension on the stretched side is more than in compression side. The authors explain the displacement of the neutral line deformation by the fact that the resistance to compression deformation is stronger than to the stretching deformation. Deformation increases on a stretched side and decreases on the compressed side with the increase in the number of bending cycles. In consequence of the above regularities under cyclic bending in the central part of the balk there is a layer with the accumulation of tensile strain. The width of the layer increases with the number of bending cycles to failure approaching to the thickness of the balk.

Abstract. The article deals with the associativity work of OJSC “Tulamashzavod” and OJSC “KMZ”. According to the technical task of OJSC “Tulamashzavod”, the specialists of JSC “KMZ” have performed the work for the production of casting “Bollard” for the stand trial land artillery mounts AK-230 and AK-230M. The goal of research was the right choice of material with good vibration dampening. The main characteristic is damping capacity which indicates the rate of damping oscillations. The analysis revealed the superiority of high-strength cast iron. The main characteristics were: the availability of spherical graphite in cast iron structure; σВ not less than 300 MPa, δ not less than 2,0 %. The resulting casting after machining satisfi ed all the required specifi cations of the specialists of OJSC “Tulamashzavod”.

Abstract. The paper discusses the modeling of electromagnetic fi eld distribution in the conductor layer of slag to clarify the rational electric mode of the electric arc furnace. The conclusion of the mathematical modeling for the electric fi eld in the slag layer is presented. The obtained dependence of the resistivity of metallurgical slags is submitted from their core and melt’s temperature. The difference scheme for the solution of differential equations was built, which is a mathematical model of the distribution of the electric fi eld. The authors have obtained the solution of the differential equation describing the distribution of the electric fi eld, using the Picard method of successive approximations. The examples of the electric fi eld distribution in the slag layer at different heights from the surface of the metal are represented. The results of mathematical modeling obtained in this work showed good agreement with the results of physical modeling.

Abstract. The article describes the features of calculation of hydromechanical couplings with differential gear mechanism. The scheme of hydromechanical coupling with differential planetary gear mechanism and the principle of its operation are described in various stages of operation of the drive mechanism. A calculating method for the parameters of the coupling was developed, taking into account the structural features of hydro-mechanical coupling with the differential planetary gear characteristic depending on the hydraulic pressure in the damper. As a result of theoretical studies the dependences have been established for determining rational settings of hydraulic system of couplings for the effective protection of the drive mechanism.

Abstract. The authors have studied the infl uence of molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, boron and carbon on wetting of pyrographite melts based on nickel-chromium alloys (Ni20Cr80). The surface tension, contact angles of melts to pyrographite were measured and work of adhesive melts to pyrographite were calculated. The studied alloys are used as catalysts for the synthesis of Carbonado polycrystalline diamond. It was found that as the synthesis of Carbonado proceeds deep in the area of thermodynamic stability of the diamond unlike synthetic of diamond single crystals and powders, the infl uence of the adhesive characteristics of the alloys-catalysts has not signifi cant impact on the process of polycrystals formation.

Abstract. According to the model of ideal associated solutions, from one to three associates are usually identified in a typical binary metal solution with negative deviations from Raoult’s law. However, in accordance with the phase rule, the number of simultaneously existing associates must not exceed the number of chemical elements that form this solution, i.e. this number must not be larger than two. It is assumed that the excess over the admissible number of associates is eliminated in the course of chemical interaction between competing associates. A special function imitating and taking account of this interaction was introduced to the system of computational equations of the ideal associated solutions model.

Abstract. The authors have investigated the effect of annealing parameters after hot rolling and strain aging during cold rolling on the structure, texture and magnetic properties of Fe – 3 % Si steel. It is shown that after cold rolling and subsequent annealing, deformation and recrystal lization textures were more scattered while maintaining carbon in solid solution is done by selecting the annealing temperature and cooling rate of hot-rolled steel. Much better magnetic properties and improved texture of secondary recrystallization {110}<001> had steel with maximum degree of strain aging. This effect can be explained by the infl uence of carbon on the shear bands formation in cold rolling grains with {111}<112> orientation.

Abstract. Set earlier variational problem of rolling rails in the universal passes was implemented and solved in the MathCAD. Numerical implementation allowed determining the principles of metal forming in the maintenance of uniform deformation (the same reduction ratio) on all elements of the rail profi le. The dependences of the coeffi cients of side compression of head fl anges and base of a rail were determined, and of the coeffi cients of the increment and pulling-down of fl anges on the geometric parameters of the deformation zone and the friction conditions. These principles are described by engineering formulas to calculate indicated coeffi cients and they are the basis for scientifi cally based method of calculating rational scheme of reduction schedule and roll pass design for high-quality rails rolling on modern rolling mills.

Abstract. The calculations of heating and cooling modes for a thermomassive slab, made of ShKh15 steel in the form of a briquette, are presented, using predictive expressions as obtained following the method of equivalent sources. Three cases of implementation of a “through” (continuous) “heating–melting” operation practices are covered, with concurrent variation of thermal and physical  properties (TPP) of the thermally treated steel, namely, – those of the thermal conductivity coefficient and heat capacity per unit volume. To analyze briquette melt-down time errors, thermophysical properties have been specified at the initial temperature, final temperature (melting), and at the briquette average temperature in the course of heating and melting. The results indicate the need for taking into account changes in thermophysical properties of briquettes due to temperature. In computational relations, the external heat exchange, αk , has been varied. A graph of the dynamics of briquette melting vs melting intensity (αk ) and the briquette actual size has been plotted.

Abstract. The process of liquid iron desulfurization was investigated in the processing by powdered fl ux (20 % CaO – 60 % Al2O3 – 20 % CaF2 ) with simultaneous hydrogen blowing. The presence of hydrogen, dissolved in the melt, has a positive effect on the desulfurization process, because the process of hydrogen deoxidation of liquid metal increases the completeness of desulfurization process. Desulfurization of liquid iron by slag-forming mixture and hydrogen blowing of melt should be carried out simultaneously.