Wear resistance of machine parts after heat treatment in magnetic field

The durability of machine-building parts is limited by the permissible degree of wear. During the heat treatment of parts in magnetic field, changes in the structure and mechanical properties of materials are noted, therefore it seems important to evaluate the effect of this technology on wear resistance. Such an assessment can be carried out using laboratory, bench and field tests. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the changes in the indicators characterizing wear during heat treatment operations with the application of a permanent magnetic field in compa­rison with standard treatment modes. Magnetic fields of the order of 1.5 MA/m were obtained in the interpolar gap of the FL-1 electromagnet. The studied samples were made of U8 steel and ductile ferritic cast iron KCh 33-8, which were quenched at a furnace heating temperature of 1000 °C. The samples were tested by friction against fixed abrasive particles under constant load on Kh4-B friction machine according to the traditional method. The maximum effect in increasing wear resistance is observed after quenching the parts in a magnetic field. Low tempering slightly reduces wear resistance, which is caused by increased plasticity and changes in the fracture mechanisms. After quenching in magnetic field, tempering also in magnetic field allows one to maintain wear resistance at a higher level. After heat treatment in magnetic field, there is a decrease in breakouts and discoloration (brittle fracture) along the edges of scratches from abrasive particles. Statistical analysis of the profiles of friction surfaces indicates a greater uniformity in the arrangement of structural barriers for the microstructure of steel treated with magnetic field. Comparative bench and field tests showed the effectiveness of heat treatment in magnetic field, which provides an increase in wear resistance of agricultural machine parts up to 1.4 times.

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