The article gives an overview of diff erent recycling technologies for exhaust catalysts. The quantitative indexes of extraction ratio of molybdenum are given. The reasons for the decline of molybdenum extraction rate from spent catalysts of pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical technologies are indicated. The advantages and disadvantages of technology of direct steel alloying by spent catalyst through the slag phase are described. The general scheme of tailings recycling of hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical refi ning of spent catalysts were proposed, implying their use as components of the solid slag mixtures. The optimal ways of complex catalysts processing and waste-free scheme for spent catalysts processing are described. The use of calcium molybdate was proposed as ligature at the stage of steel processing at ladle furnace.

The article provides an overview developed by the scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, on the basis of fundamental research of new metallic and ceramic materials and technologies, including new nitrogen-containing high-strength corrosion-resistant steels, heat-resistant lightweight alloys and composites based on intermetallides; modifi ers for wheel steels, complex V-, Cr-, Ni-containing ferroalloys; anti-corrosion protective coatings based on ultrathin Zn powders; catalytic converters of exhaust gases of vehicles; magnetically hard materials with high thermal and temporal stability and mechanical characteristics; nanostructural stents for endovascular operations in a sparing mode; corrosion – and wear-resistant coatings and method of their plasma spraying. The methods were developed for: longitudinal rolling with macroshift deformation (to improve the properties of sheet rolling); recycling of oiled scale; control of the lining deterioration at any point in the blast-furnace hearth. The monitoring methods for the integrity of rail steels by inclusions were carried out. The paper includes the developed processes and technologies of: special electrometallurgy
to produce the steel for the power industry; synthesis of the massive single-crystalline samples of nitrides of transition metals, nanopowders of W, Pt, Ti and Ti carbides and nitrides; processing of Yarega fi eld leucoxene concentrates; production of titanium implants with porous coatings; metallic fraction and powders of ferrous and non-ferrous metals; ultrafi ne Zn powders; recycling of metallurgical wastes with the extraction of Zn, Sb, Sn, Fe; obtaining agglomerated nanocrystalline powders of Ta for capacitors; processing of sulphide Mo-containing raw materials and obtaining of rare earth metals, MoO3 , CaMoO4 and utilization of sulfur dioxide. The authors described the created injection installations and their application technologies; high-performance system for plasma spraying of metals, including paint coatings, plastics, cardboard. There were obtained the data on thermodynamic functions of the reaction of dissolution of oxygen in Fe-based molts and of the interaction reactions of dissolved in these molts elements (Cr, Mn, Nb, V, Si, B, C, Ti, Zr, Al) with oxygen.

The article describes the results of metallographic investigations of manganese steel before and after the furnace treatment, namely treatment by calcium strontium carbonate, purging with argon in the ladle and in their joint conduct. The quantitative analysis of non-metallic inclusions was made and the location of non-metallic inclusions on grain boundaries was studied. With the help of electronic microscope the authors studied in detail the composition and shape of the inclusions formed at ladle treatment and without it. The mechanism of formation of globular inclusions in steel during solidifi cation of the metal in ladle treatment is described. The effect of diff erent types of ladle treatment on indicators of impact strength of manganese steel was considered, as well as the process of vanadium alloying of manganese steel. The paper presents practical data on the eff ect of vanadium alloying of manganese steel at a level of toughness.

The article describes the method of control of VAR furnace by program step. The papers [1, 2] describe the model of voltage control for VAR furnace. However, furnace controller generates huge static error, and using program step can solve this problem. The program step calculates movement of consumable electrode with constant melt rate and electrode gap in right parameters. The control with program step helps to remelt ideal consumable electrodes without feedbacks in VAR furnace. Situation changes when we try to remelt a nonideal consumable electrode using only program step because it is very diffi cult to get right parameters. This problem can be solved by using the voltage feedback with program step. The authors have got the models of ideal and nonideal consumable electrodes in conditions of Matlab.

The problem of nickel alloys production is to refi ne the metal and to safe alloying elements and nickel. The aim of this work was to create a model of behavior of all components of complex alloys during melting in the vacuum induction furnace in a deep vacuum. The act of evaporation was taken as a limit stage. The fl ow of each component of the alloy in gas phase under these conditions was determined with the Langmuir equation. The model is adequate to predict the evaporation of components in complex alloys based on nickel during smelting in a vacuum induction furnace. The algorithm providing the calculation of mass and composition variation in time of nickel-based alloys during refi ning in a vacuum induction furnace with selected capacity, residual pressure and temperature is presented.

The mathematical model of stress calculation of casting at forming
of its cavity by cylindrical rod has been analyzed in the paper. The dependencies of arising radial and tangential stresses were determined, as well as distributed contact pressure predicting force interaction of the “casting-rod” system in various combinations of stiff ness expressed by modulus of elongation. It is shown that the highest stresses occur in the layers of casting adjacent to the rod surface. The infl uence of the temperature gradient, the rigidity of the casting and sand-clay molding sand, casting geometric para meters displayed wall thickness and the outer radius, on the value of appearing in the casting of radial, tangential and equivalent stresses, as well as the distribution of contact forces has been considered. The impact of these factors on the strain-stress state of the casting wall, expressed in terms of equivalent stress obtained using the second hypothesis strength has been estimated.

The authors have shown that the unpredictable micro heterogeneous
of cast iron melts is a reason for structural defect of the billets, manufactured by centrifugal casting. The possibility of eliminating of this reason by treatment of BSC-type materials, based on alkaline earth metal carbonates was investigated. One of the main problems is lack of clear ideas of a structure of fusions of cast-iron in thermo-time conditions of foundry production. Microinhomogeneity thus is caused by various structural components inherited from the burdening of mate rials. Besides, features of operations of refinement and modifying of fusions have impact on structure of fusion and quality of produced castings. Results of industrial experiments on influence of various ways of refinement and modifying on quality of produced castings are given. On the basis of the obtained data the optimum way of refinement and modifying of industrial cast iron was developed.

The article describes the application prospects of rapid change systems of the submerged nozzles slab continuous casting machines of tundishes and the necessity of its further improvement to increase of reliability. The technique and results of experimental investigations of the drive power parameters of mechanism for moving of the submerged nozzles are shown. The casting system had various design of support-clamping unit for providing the conditions of slide friction and rolling friction between the supporting surface of metal holder of the protective refractory and elements that its presses. It was found that, if plane press elements in support unit are changed on the rollers, the total value of opposing coefficient of submerged nozzles displacement during its rapid change can be reduced from 0.6 – 1.3 to 0.4 – 1.0. It allows to reduce the load of the hydraulic drive of the casting system of CCM tundish in 1.2 – 1.3 times and to extend its terms of no-failure operation in the continuous of implementation of big series casting. The obtained data can be used in calculation and design of improved rapid change system of submerged nozzles.

The improvement of the pipe production technology at the lengthwise rolling mill was suggested. The investigations were carried out on the basis of the lengthwise rolling mill “tandem” installed at Open Joint-Stock Company «Sinarsky Pipe Works». There is an aim of mastering the whole gauge production of continuous casting on the existing equipment to reduce the production costs with the exclusion of diameter 120 mm rolled workpiece. The elongation ratio increase on the “tandem” lengthwise rolling mill is necessary to develop the continuous casting. At present time the elongation ratio on the lengthwise rolling mill no. 1 is between 1.16 and 1.5 and elongation ratio on lengthwise rolling mill no. 2 is between 1.07 and 1.15. The use of the increased elongation ratios on automatic mill “tandem” leads to increase of strap sizes and as result to increase of the amount of waste at a “guide mark” defect. The way to reduce the probability of the formation of a “guide mark” defect due to the kinematic tension during rolling on a stub mandrel with rough tube preovalisation was investigated. The infl uence of the kinematic tension on the forming tube in the groove taper at a lengthwise rolling with rough tube preovalisation was studied. The authors described the possibility of increasing the elongation ratio on the automatic mill “tandem”.

The purpose of article is the off er of recommendations about decrease in risk level investment into the objects of intellectual property (OIP). The tasks solved in article consist in identifi cation of the reasons of low level of investment by the metallurgical companies into OIP. The analysis, synthesis and planning are used as methods of logical research. Novelty of the article is the off er of mechanisms of strategic risk management in innovative projects in metallurgical industry. The authors have analyzed the reasons of low level of investment by the metallurgical companies into OIP connected with its risks and ways of their management, and also prerequisites for emergence of a trend of innovative development of world metallurgical enterprises and types of existing innovative development strategies. The ways of risk level decrease and practical examples of problem solution of investment into OIP applied by the metallurgical enterprises are given.

The article describes the basic modern hydrophobic coating. The possibility of using carbon fullerenes was considered for the preparation of polymers with desired properties. The main characteristics of a new type of coating are shown.

The severe plastic deformation (SPD) forming ultrafinegrained (nanocrystalline or nanosubgrained) structure is one of the most effective ways to improve the functional properties of Ti – Ni-based shape memory alloys. SPD of Ti – 50.0 at. % Ni alloy was carried out for the first time using the multi-axial deformation MaxStrain module of system at 400, 370, 350, 330 °C. Kinetics of martensitic transformations were studied by DSC method, and the structure features using X-ray diffractometry and Transmission Electron Microscopy methods. Lowering of the deformation temperature from 370 to 330 °C with increasing of accumulated strain from 4.5 to 9.5 leads to a refinement of the structural elements and formation of mixed nanosubgraine and nanocrystalline structure with high dislocation density and average grain/subgrain size of 85 nm after deformation at the lowest temperature 330 °С with the highest strain.