In order to clarify the mechanism of interfacial distribution and determine the balance of sulfur, the data from the full-scale experiments of magnesium desulfurization were used. While making up the sulfur balance, in addition to elements transfer from metal into the slag, the impact of the following factors was taken into the account – the change of molten metal mass in the ladle due to the iron oxidation and generation of the metal droplets in the slag, as well as the increase of dissolved sulfur in the iron droplets. The calculated results were compared to various experimental data of the quantity of sulfur loss by upward streams. The dependence of sulfur loss degree from the slag amount and technological parameters of magnesium desulfurization of molten metal were determined.

Proactive repairs suggest the measures to slow the formation of defects (cracks, wear), causing their conduct. In this case a post-repair operating time of mechanisms is increased. That reduces significantly repair costs and downtime. The results of the proactive repairs at some of the Ural enterprises are exemplifi ed.

The new extruding technology of forging of «crosspiece» type from a ball blank subjected to two-sided force has been developed. The study of the stress-strain state of the metal has been conducted. The pilot batch of high quality forgings of «crosspiece» type for cardan shaft of the vehicle has been produced.

Using the methods of physical modeling, the study of the modes of expiration of vortex gas streams of the nozzles of different dimensions for different gas flow has been carried out. 

Global production and consumption of silicon carbide have been appraised. The expediency of using of technogenetics microsilica for production of silicon carbide by the methods of furnace synthesis and plasmametallurgical technology has been showed. Balance scheme for the formation of silicon monoxide based on a study of physical and chemical interactions in the ore-smelting furnaces for smelting silicon and ferroalloys has been suggested, as well as the processes analysis responsible for the formation of silica fume has been carried out. Schemes of mechanisms of carbonthermal synthesis and plasmametallurgical synthesis of silicon carbide have been offered.

Developed logical basis for assessing the normal course of the blast furnace and the recognition types of deviations from the normal mode of operation: peripheral, central (axial) of the gas flow, hot and cold running, tight travel furnace top and bottom of suspension in a blast furnace charge. To assess the normal course of the blast furnace and the types of deviations from normal generalized experience of specialists blast furnace plant JSC “Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works”. Using the proposed method should be used in computer systems to support decision-making in the management of the blast furnace in real time.

The paper considers the mathematical model describing the relationship of the deflection angle of the non-driving cheeks with the location of uncrushed piece on height camera of destruction that allows the elimination of emergency situation when working crushing machines with sophisticated motion cheeks because of getting into the camera of the destruction of an uncrushed piece.

Nano-structured multiphase surface light alloys of Al – Ti – Cu system have been synthesized by pulsed melting of the high-intensity electron beam of the fi lm / substrate. Irradiation modes allowing multiply increase strength and tribological characteristics of the initial material have been identified.

The main models of the metallic alloys deformation are discussed: the model of the flow due to the presence of defects such as “shear zone”, the model of the free volume and the dislocation mechanism of plastic yielding are considered. For example of MG on the iron base, it is shown that in the metallic alloys at low temperatures the dislocation mechanism of plastic yielding realizes with the activation energy of a few tenths of an electron-volt, whereas at higher temperatures the mechanism of plastic deformation of the flow is going with the activation energy of a few electron-volts, which is close to the activation energy of selfdiffusion and corresponds with two firstly given above mechanisms.

The atomic structure of Ni – Al, Cu – Au, Ni – γFe interface boundaries, oriented along planes (100) and (111), and diffusion mechanism along it in solid-contact were studied by the method of molecular dynamics. It was shown that on the boundary forming a net of edge misfit dislocations, which play key role in diffusion along interface boundary.

By X-ray diffraction, optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods the structural-phase state of NiTi surface layers affected by low-energy high-current electron beams have been investigated. It was found that during treatment in recrystallized layer thickness of 8 – 10 μm a nonequilibrium single-phase structural state forms, which is characterized by a deformed B2 based phase structure, textured in a direction close to the <410>. The downstream with depths ranging from 10 to 20 μm layer except B2 phase with insignificant distortions of the crystal lattice contains a small volume fracture (up to 5 vol. %) of martensitic phase with В19′ structure. As a result of electron-beam treatment the modified layer chemical composition has changed to titanium enrichment due to Ti2Ni phase particles melting. At the same time intervals of martensitic transformations are shifted to higher temperatures thus even at room temperature can be expected that in the present layer the main structural state is martensitic. Using transmission electron microscopy the studies have showed that in the modified layer the martensitic phase is not observed. The assumption, explaining the created by a pulsed electron beam impact on the NiTi surface structure-phase state is expressed.

The atomic structure of Ni – Al, Cu – Au, Ni – γFe interface boundaries, oriented along planes (100) and (111), and diffusion mechanism along it in solid-contact were studied by the method of molecular dynamics. It was shown that on the boundary forming a net of edge misfit dislocations, which play key role in diffusion along interface boundary.

The article is devoted to the possibility of upgrading the metallurgical equipment at the present stage in conditions of uncertainty and risk. A new strategy of depreciation policy in capital iron and steel enterprises has been offered.