The  article describes  the  composition  and properties of  technogeneous metallurgical waste to obtain colored cement. A basis of binder  is bleached clarified slag. Activators and pigments are manmade products. They are: gas cleaning dust of lime production – alkaline  activator,  replacing  lime; waste  of  by-product  coke  production  –  sulfate  activator  instead  of  scarce  gypsum  rock;  spent  sand mixture (foundry product) – activator of cement grinding; hardware production waste  - red pigment. Optimal composition of slag cement is selected,  the  factors affecting  its properties are studied. The process flow diagram of colored cement production of grade 250 with the activity of 27.4  MPa has been developed. To assess the quality of raw materials an universal indicator has been proposed – the ratio of basicity. 

The paper presents the results of two experimental campaigns of silicon-manganese  smelting brand MnS17 using coke nut and semicoke as a reducing agent, produced from brown coal of Kansk-Achinsk basin on the technology, which is based on the slicing coal gasification process.  The  experienced  campaign  of  silicon-manganese  smelting was performed using  a manganese ore  containing 42.7  and 38.44  % of manganese  in value  in  charge 1:3. The manganese  content  in  the melted alloys were 65.9 – 68.11 %, silicon – 17.47 – 18.3 %. It was established that using restorative mixture of 80 % of coke and 20 % of semi-coke  the  technical and  technological parameters of  the process deteriorated; with  the  introduction  into  restorative mixture of brown coal  in  the amount of 35 % at a flow rate of semi-coke of 27 % and coke of 38 % the electrical performance of the furnace stabilized, gas permeability  of  the  furnace  throat  recovered. The  best  performance was achieved with  the  introduction  into  restorative mixture of  semi-coke of 32,5 %,  a  further  increase of  its quantity  affects  the performance of the furnace. 

The  article  outlines  the  methodology  and  results  of  solving  the  task  of measuring  the  temperature  field  and  the  thermoelastic  stress  in  the  horizontal  rolls  in  the  process  of  rolling  of  a broad-flanged beam  in  the universal beam mill  stand. The  authorsets and solves  the problem of measuring  the  temperature field of the composite rolls. The author discloses the algorithm of measuring  the  thermoelastic stress  in  the horizontal rolls with  the known temperature field. The article contains distribution diagrams of the tangential  thermoelastic  stress  in  the cross  section of a horizontal roll in the process of rolling beams in the universal mill stand. The author shows  the effect of  the heat emission factor on  the  level of the tangential stress in cooling the rolls with water. The theoretical research determines the value of the tensile tangential stress which lowers  the  endurance  of  the  horizontal  rolls  of  the  universal mill stand. The article determines  the  resultant stress  field  in  the horizontal composite rolls caused by the rolling pressure and the cyclic thermal effect with  the   residual stress  taken  into account. The author provides  recommendations how  to  increase  the  endurance of the composite rolls of the universal beam mill. 

Nonmetallic  inclusions  in  the  cast  and  rolled  samples  of  austenitic  stainless  steel  C0.03-Cr18-Ni10  and  C0.08-Cr18-Ni10-Ti1 were  studied by  scanning electron microscopy.  In  steel alloyed with titanium,  titanium  nitrides  and  oxides  of  different  dispersion  were found around globular nonmetallic inclusions with separation of second phase. The  inclusions  in  titanium-free  steel have predominantly globular  shape  and  represent  oxide  inclusions  of  complex  composition. In C0.03-Cr18-Ni10 steel there is no big clusters of nonmetallic inclusions;  that  leads  to high quality of cold-rolled sheet surface. On a  surface  of  a  cold-rolled  sheet  of C0.08-Cr18-Ni10-Ti1  steel there are defects as delaminations from the surface of the sheet, containing titanium nitride and slag-forming mixture. 

The article examines the results of the kinetics studies of decarburization of alum-periclase-carbon  refractories, which are widespread at the metallurgical enterprises to perform the working layer of casting ladle linings. The article describes the dependence of decarburization depth on the time – temperature factors, as well as on the composition of the atmosphere. From the point of view of durability of alum-periclase-carbon resinbinded refractories not only  the porosity  is  important but also  the presence of flaked graphite and carbon particles in the surface layers, because they reduce the surface wettability of the refractory by metal and slag, as well as reduce the uniformity of the thermal and mechanical properties of refractories by the section. The difference of the compositions of de-carbonized and the base layer of refractories can result in a formation of  cracks  and  spallings  caused by thermal stresses during heating and cooling of the lining. The influence of temperature and atmospheric composition on porosity of alumpericlasecarbon ladle refractories is studied. The studies show that hightemperature exposure leads to an increase of the porosity of the material. Heat treatment of refractories in oxygen-free atmosphere  eliminates  the  decarburization,  however, water  absorption and porosity of the refractory changes slightly. 

The differential quenching of  the rails by compressed air is the most  perspective  strengthening method. The layer by layer analysis of differentially quenched rails is carried out using transmission electron microscopy methods  and  the  quantitative  parameters  of  structure,  phase  composition  and  dislocation  substructure  are  established and comparison of  these parameters  for different quenching regimes is made. It is established that the differentiated hardening of rails by compressed air in different regimes is accompanied by the formation of morphologically different structure, being formed according to the diffusion mechanism of γ → α transformation and consisting of plate perlite grains, free ferrite grains and grains of ferritecarbide mixture. The being formed structure has the expressed gradient character: surface layer state of rail steel depends not only on the quenching regime but on the investigation direction and the depths of analyzed layer from the  surface. The dislocation  substructure  in  the  form of  chaos, nets, cells and fragments is revealed. 

This article proposes a new approach to building control systems, consisting in the joint synthesis of the controlled object and the control subsystem. The authors made the formulation of such a synthesis based on a set of object models and control algorithms with the formation of allowable combinations “model of object  control algorithm”. The effective solving of the problem by simulation of natural and mathematical modeling was proposed. The article shows the examples of synthesis of control systems of steel melting in basic oxygen furnace (steel melting control  system  in  basic  oxygen  converter). The  authors  identified  the need to expand models for steel melting by including factors affecting the parameters of  the converter during oxygen blowing. The technical and economic performances of various control systems were received. It is shown that the system “The combined model of the object with the op-erational settings of the сonverter caracteristics  the combined control algorithm” has the best technical and economic indicators. 

The paper presents estimated data on the relative strength of the solid fuel for various ratios of coke and anthracite coal in the fuel bed charge when  carrying  out  tests  on  the  facility  for  determination  the solid  fuel  strength  by  the  developed  technique. The  optimal  experimentally  reasonable value content of anthracite and coke  in  the  fuel bed charge (60 % and 40 %, consequently, while relative strength of 0.85) is recommended. 

The article presents the results of the analysis of phase equilibrium of  the ordered phases  in binary systems on  the basis of Pd palladium Pd – Me  (where Me – Co, Rh,  Ir, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pt)  to find correlations of crystallochemical and crystallogeometrical factors. It is established that packing index in disordered solid solutions in binary systems based on palladium  is close  to  the value of 0.74 against the background of a isignifiant deviation of the atomic volumes from the law Zena.  It  is  revealed  that  the  increase  in  a hydrogen diffusion  in binary alloys of Cu – Pd system correlates with considerable decrease in a packing index in the ordered phase B2 in the field of 40  %  Pd (at). It  is established  that different  structural and phase  states are  formed in  binary  Pd – Me  systems  at  certain  combinations  of  temperature and dimensional factors. The diagram  in  the coordinates  temperature factor  – size factor  is constructed. This diagram  is divided  into  three ranges which allow to categorize structurallyphase states depending on the ratio of the temperature and size parameters in binary systems based on Pd. Range  I  includes  system  forming  solid  solutions only; Range   II contains systems  in which ordered phases are  formed  from solid solutions; Range – III is a compounds range where a solid solutions layering occurs. 

The review of regularities and possible mechanisms of grain refinement  in TiNi-based  alloys  under  the  equal-channel  angular pressing (ECAP) on the basis of the experimental results and liter-ary data is presented. The dependence of grain size on the accumulated true deformation in the framework of the continuous dynamic recrystallization model  is considered. The  results of  experimental researches of ECAP effect on functional properties of TiNibased alloys are presented. The microstructure evolution of Ti50Ni47.3Fe2.7alloy  with  increasing  number  of  ECAP  passes  affects  nonmonotonically on mechanical properties, the regularities of accumulation and the recovery of inelastic deformation and the development of plastic deformation under isothermal loading  unloading cycles and the shape recovery during heating predeformed samples. It is shown that the maximum of hardening achieved after the formation of ultrafine grain structure in samples of this alloy during the first pass of ECAP correlates with the maximum (5  %) of superelasticity at 295 K. 

The structure of a surface layer of highstrength 30CrMnSiNi2 steel modified by means of ion beam treatment was investigated by optical,  scanning  electron  and  transmission  electron microscopy  as well  as  X-ray  diffraction  analysis.  Formation  of  softened  surface layer with depth up  to 100 μm was  revealed due to the specimens heating in the course of treatment. Cyclic and static tension tests have been carried out for steel specimens in assupplied state and after surface irradiation by Zr+ ion beam. It is revealed that modified surface layer during cyclic  loading  inhibits  initiation and development of a fatigue  crack,  resulting  in  a more uniform  strain distribution  along the working part of  the  specimen. Differences of  the  specimen deformation behavior  and  changes of  their mechanical properties  are analyzed. Displacement  vectors  and  strain  distribution  fields were constructed  according  to micrographs  obtained  during  tests, which illustrate  regularities of  fatigue crack growth  in  specimens without treatment and after irradiation.. 

To the 75th anniversary of Nikolai Mikhailovich Kulagin