An approximate generalized equation of temperature dependence of Gibbs energy change in atomization reactions of condensed silicides is obtained, subject to the number of atoms contained in silicides and design boiling temperatures. Deviation of maximum design value from average was not more than 10 % for 16 examined silicide compounds. This gives rise to use the obtained technique for: similar data checking from other information sources; for approximate prediction of thermodynamic properties of previously unsearched silicide compounds. 

The article presents new technologies and design solutions of tuyere devices, providing the application of slag and sprayed coatings on the converter lining.

Using a scanning electron microscope it has been shown that the particles of soot carbon produced by the Boudoir reaction, have a complicated open-work structure including globular amorphous parts and graphitized crystalline elements connected by crosspieses with the size of nanometric range. The soot carbon is characterized by increased Gibbs energy and high kinetic activity because of its dispersed and amorphous structure.

Nature and amount of vanadium losses with blast furnace throat gas have been studied. It has been estimated that vanadium loss with furnace throat dust and slag is considerably higher that ablation from the iron stove. It has been stated that a part of vanadium gets alkalined and converted into solution in the process of wet gas clearing. Vanadium losses through the furnace throat are equal or even prevail over vanadium losses with slag.

The paper presents the impact studies of silicon carbide and protector metal modifiers on crystallization of grey iron by intraform modification. The modifiers in the form of powder have been obtained in overlapped processing of carbide with metals (chromium and zirconium) in planet-centrifugal activators. Using organic bands or copper powder, 8 – 25 mm in diameter tablets have been formed. The introduction of modifiers numbering 0.05 % (active phase) leads to the ratio changes between ferrite and pearlite up to the full removal of ferrite components, as well as it changes the distribution of graphite inclusions. The application of compacted modifiers is much more preferable.

Using the systems and techniques of high-temperature modeling, the processes of coke movement and combustion in a combustion zone of cupola furnace by air and oxygen injections were investigated.

The paper presents experimental studies of the introduction influence of a fl ux-cored wire of PP-H-25H5FMS carbon-fl uorine-containing fluoride supplements (metallurgical wastes) and powdered nickel.
The introduction of the C-wire system C – Si – Мn – Сr – W – V carbon-fluorine-containing additives and nickel can reduce significantly the level of contamination of non-metallic oxide inclusions of weld metal, grinding grain; and it also reduces the volume fraction of retained austenite in the weld layer and the formation of small dispersed carbides. The results predict the increase of thermal stability of mill rolls when using the produced wire. 

Phase transformations and metallurgical properties of barium-strontium modifier have been analyzed in laboratory conditions for out-of-furnace steel processing conditions. The received data have shown that barium-strontium modifier application is quite technological in practical conditions. 

The analysis of bibliographic data about the influence of arsenic on corrosion resistance of low-carbon low-alloyed steels has been carried out. The authors have revealed the reasons and proposed the mechanism which explains the influence of arsenic on oxidation resistance of steels, their stability against the oxidization in the conditions of atmospheric corrosion and in sea water.

This paper presents a model of distribution optimization of energy resources in a blast furnace subject to the changes in parameters of melting. This optimization model can predict the injected fuel parameters in individual blast furnaces in various technological situations of a blast-furnace plant. The usage of the developed module in a modern blast furnace information-modeling system allows solving operational management tasks of blast furnace technology, enhancing the efficiency of decision-making engineering staff in terms of changes in volume of energy resources, instability, composition and the quality of melted iron ore and market conditions. 

The article considers the claw conditions of a piece of crushable material in a crushing machine with a translational motion of the jaw and outer power factors having an effect on it when crushing. It has been determined that on the assumption of different focuses of a part of a relatively moveable jaw both plane stress and linear stress conditions can occur in a crushed piece. 

Using transmission electron microscopy methods the layer by layer analysis of low temperature reliability and increased wear resistance and contact durability rails head is carried out and quantitative creation regularities of structure phase states and defect substructure formed according to diffusion and shear of γ → α-transformation on rail cross section are established.

The paper presents the research results of the temperature range realization of direct and reverse martensitic transformations in TiNi orthodontic arch wires of foreign producers and TiNi wire of Russian production in the delivery mode and after the heat treatment used to form required characteristics in shape memory alloys. It has been found out that in the delivery mode the TiNi superelastic orthodontic arch wires vary in their functional parameters considerably depending on the manufacturer. Chemical compositions of the superelastic and heat-activated arches are ~ Ti – 50.9 % Ni and Ti – 50.5 % Ni, respectively. It has been established that the same wire Ti – 55.77 % Ni made in the Russian industrial centre “Matek-SMA Ltd.” can be used both for production of the superelastic arch wires after the heat treatment at 550 °C for 15 minutes followed by water quenching and heat-activated arch wires after annealing at 500 ºC for 30 minutes with quenching.

The paper presents research results obtained for ultrafi ne-grained (UFG) steel 10 by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 200 °C. A complex analysis of structural strength, including static tensile testing and analysis of impact strength and crack resistance, was conducted on the produced samples. It is shown that the strength of steel 10 grows 2.5 times after ECAP. ECAP via the set regime practically does not change the threshold of cold brittleness of steel 10, but narrows the range of ductile-brittle transition. The calculation of crack resistance showed that Kth of steel 10 with the UFG structure does not decrease as compared to the initial state, but even increases slightly. The analysis of corrosion resistance of the steel shows that the corrosion rate of uncoated samples of steel after 10 ECAP somewhat higher compared with the initial state. However, the corrosion rate of the steel after ECAP coated with about 2 times lower compared with the steel in the initial state with the coating. The paper discusses the nature of the observed patterns. 

The paper presents the analysis of existing and possible schemes of the crusher safety devices. Based on the analysis the scheme of dynamic diagnostics of crushing machines for detection and prevention of emergency situations has been suggested.