Коррозионностойкие стали в аддитивном производстве

В данном обзоре рассмотрены основные методы получения сферических частиц порошка коррозионностойких сталей как материала, широко применяемого во всех отраслях промышленности. Также приведены примеры изделий, изготовленных современными аддитивными методами. В настоящее время сферические частицы порошка коррозионностойких сталей используются в следующих аддитивных методах: селективное лазерное плавление, селективное лазерное спекание, прямое лазерное спекание и электронно-лучевая плавка. Каждый из этих методов предъявляет свои требования к характеристикам сферических частиц порошка коррозионностойких сталей. В обзоре приведено краткое описание принципов работы каждого метода и требования, которые предъявляются к сферическим частицам порошка коррозионностойких сталей. Дано подробное описание каждого метода аддитивного производства с описанием принципа работы и конкретными примерами получения сферических частиц порошков коррозионностойких сталей с указанием их свойств (морфология, структурные особенности, химический состав, текучесть, насыпная плотность). Проведен сравнительный анализ с описанием недостатков и преимуществ каждого из методов. В конце обзора приведены примеры использования сферических частиц порошков коррозионностойких сталей для изготовления изделий различными аддитивными методами (включая постобработку) с описанием характеристик конечных изделий. На основе приведенных данных сделан вывод о предпочтительных методах получения сферических частиц порошков коррозионностойких сталей для конкретных аддитивных методов, используемых в современной промышленности. В обзоре рассмотрены следующие методы получения сферических частиц порошков: водная атомизация (распыление жидкого металла струей воды под давлением); газовая атомизация (распыление расплава струей инертного газа (аргона или азота) под давлением); центробежная атомизация (распыление расплавленного металла высокоскоростным вращающимся диском); ультразвуковая атомизация (распыление жидкого металла ультразвуком); бесконтактная атомизация (распыление жидкого металла мощным импульсом электрического тока); плазменное распыление проволоки; плазменное распыление вращающегося электрода; плазменная сфероидизация.

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