ПРИОСТАНОВЛЕНИЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ В МАГИСТРАЛЬНОМ ТРУБОПРОВОДЕ

Для  проявления  распространяющегося  пластического разрушения  требуется,  чтобы  трубопроводы  были  спроектированы с учетом недопущения распространения трещин. Подходы, описывающие  поведение  трубопровода,  его  устойчивость  и  гарантированную остановку в случае сбоев в работе, основаны на полуэмпирических моделях, получивших свое развитие в середине 1970-х годов. Эти модели, которые калибровались на сегментах трубопровода в производственном масштабе (в натуральную величину), используются и сейчас, и включают три нелинейные характеристики: пластическую деформацию и винтовую неустойчивость; влияние структуры (состава) почв и увеличение волновой отдачи, а также декомпрессию в нагнетаю щей среде. Рассматривается более чем 40-летняя история расчета распространения деформации в трубопроводе, основанного на трещинах (механическом разрушении). Графические свидетельства полномасштабных сбоев в процессе работы обусловили появление гипотезы о сбоях, возникших в связи и пластическим разрушением.

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