Influence of the composition and cooling rate of alumocalcium slag on its crumblability

The main components of metallurgical slags are iron compounds, which are extracted by reduction smelting. The process of obtaining various products based on iron and slags of different compositions (alumocalcium self-crumbling, etc.) can be implemented in several ways. It is important to use a mode of smelting and cooling of the alumocalcium slag formed during melting in the furnace that ensures its most complete spontaneous crumbling and high rates of extraction of REM from it. Synthetic slags having a phase composition similar to industrial samples after the smelting of iron ores were selected for the experiments. The simulated samples correspond to the dicalcium silicate primary crystallisation region on the ternary phase diagram of the CaO – SiO₂ – Al₂O₃ system. After crumbling, the slag was subjected to sieve analysis using a mechanical sieve. Slags with a silicon modulus k = 2.0 that actively crumbled during cooling were used in the experiments. A higher silicon modulus results in a lower crumblability. It was established that it is impossible to precisely limit the composition areas of the crumbling slags at specific cooling rates. The studies showed that the crumblability of slags improves when moving towards the centre of the dicalcium silicate region. The composition of the slags is close to the composition of the points located in the area bounded by the lines 2CaO·SiO₂ – 2CaO·Al₂O₃ and 2CaO·SiO₂ – 12CaO·7Al₂O₃ on one side and by the lines of the silicon modulus no higher than 2.85 – 3.00 on the other side. The granulometric composition is almost independent of the cooling rate. The temperature mode from smelting to cooling affects the crumblability of the slags.  The most promising are slags with a silicon modulus in the range of 2.85 – 3.00 close to the phase triangle 12CaO·7Al₂O₃ – 2CaO·SiO₂ – 2CaO·Al₂O₃.

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