Spatial distribution of aerosol and dust man-made emissions in external influence zone of metallurgical enterprises

The study presents the method for calculating the distribution of dust and aerosol particles entering the external air environment as a result of man-made emissions of metallurgical cycle enterprises. The paper proposes the method for predicting the degree of pollution of the enterprises influence zones by constructing geographical maps-schemes of industrial regions with application of the areas with a high content of dust particles on them. This method is based on determination of the sedimentation time of dust particles of different fractions in atmospheric air using Stokes’ law (motion of solid particles in liquid or gaseous media), the height of dust particles departure from the chimney and the speed of prevailing wind over the studied period of time. The data necessary for the analysis (wind direction, amount of dust emitted, its fractional and chemical compositions) were found in open sources, reports of the enterprise, statistical data of the region and the metallurgical industry. An estimated calculation of the spread of dust emissions was carried out on the example of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works PJSC (MMK) during various annual seasons. It was found that the influence of activity of a metallurgical enterprise in Russia can adversely affect cities and residents of neighboring states that are located in the sedimentation zone of solid dust particles. The issue of transfer of sulfuric and nitric acids by dust particles formed in the pores of aerosol particles is considered. The authors calculated the amount of acid that can be carried into the zones of influence of the enterprise in the pores of solid dust particles. The considered calculation model makes it relatively quick and easy to assess the influence zone of the enterprise, assess risks and take measures to  modernize, optimize the production process or aspiration systems.

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