THE USE OF PHYSICAL MODELING TO DETERMINE TEMPERATURE FIELD IN THE BILLET

When heating billets in a furnace for heat treatment and metal forming, it should be possible to quickly heat the surface of the billet with a minimum differential temperature in its cross-section, which depends on the initial temperature of the surface and the center of the billet, the initial furnace temperature and the speed of its increasing. The temperature difference over the cross section of the billet contributes to thermal stresses in it. In the process of billets heating, thermal stresses must not exceed allowable stress values in the elastic region, depending on the thickness of the heated layer of metal and its chemical composition. Thus, to obtain high-quality billets at a maximum furnace performance, it is necessary to use the optimal heating mode, the testing of which to avoid high material costs can be realized by using physical modeling. Physical modeling of the object of study  – real sample is replaced by a model where the heating is carried out in a furnace model. For physical modeling, one need to choose material of the model, to select or manufacture the furnace model, to calculate the linear scale of the model and to make it possible to calculate the temperature and time scales of modeling, according to which to make model heating at model furnace with the measurement of the temperature field of the model with a further recalculation of the temperature on a real sample. The calculating method is proposed for the temperature field in an industrial billet of ShKh15 steel heated for heat treatment, namely for softening annealing, in an electric well, using physical modeling, conducted in a laboratory chamber electric furnace. The article justifies the choice of material for making the model, and the method of calculation linear, temperature and time scale of the simulation. Based on the experimental measurements of the temperature on the surface and in the center of the model when it is heated in an electric chamber furnace model, the recalculations are given for the temperature field over the cross section of the industrial bloom in different time periods using the received scale.

physical modeling, material models, linear scale of the model, temperature and time scale of simulation, metal heating under thermal-processing and treatment of metals by pressure, temperature field in the billet

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