ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE STORAGE OF WASTES FROM IRON-ORE ENRICHMENT

Recultivation includes a set of measures aimed at forming of a favorable root layer on the surface of industrial dumps in various ways with subsequent use of this area. Conservation is the fixation of dumps surface by mechanical means or by gardening the surface of the dumps with a preliminary application of a minimum layer of soil, peat, mineral fertilizers, growth substances and unconventional soil improvers – sewage sludge (WWS). As a result of the work carried out on the surface of the iron ore enrichment waste of the Abagur agglomeration factory, techno-soils were formed – artificial soils with a root layer consisting of a mixture of WWS and tailing material. Recultivated areas have been created on iron ore enrichment waste, which ensure erosion stability of the tailing dump surface and conservation of enrichment wastes. The chemical and agrochemical parameters of techno-soils over the two years of their development have changed. Some alkalinization of the medium and a sharp decrease in the amount of organic matter and all forms of nitrogen in substrate of the root layer are observed. Biomonitoring of recultivated experimental sites makes it possible to optimize and to accelerate the process of crop plants formation on industrial waste, to monitor the condition and development of the grass stand, to monitor the restoration of fertility of disturbed lands and to calculate the ecological and economic effect of reclamation works. Based on the results of monitoring of experimental sites in the tailing dumps of the Abagur agglomeration plant, it was established that in 2 to 3 years favorable conditions are created for the formation of a root layer on the substratum of the root layer and a stable crop-forming phytocenosis. As a result of introducing WWS, the physical and nutritional regimes on the surface of the tailing pond are improved. In all variants of WWS placement a positive effect has been achieved – the growth of terrestrial biomass with an increase in the rate of introduction of WWS. The soil-ecological perspective of the use of sewage sludge as an ameliorant that significantly improves the chemical-physical properties of industrial dumps is shown, which makes it possible to create long-term, stable phytocenoses of protective and sanitary-hygienic purposes.

recultivation, conservation, waste of iron ore enrichment, biomonitoring, root layer, culture phytocenosis, tehno-soils, phytotoxicity

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