IMPROVEMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF VERTICAL SETTLING CHAMBERS FOR RECYCLING OF METALLURGICAL DUST

The main scientific and practical results of improving the efficiency of the vertical collecting chambers for processing the dust of metallurgical industry are described through the development and implementation of a new generation of devices capable to improve environmental protection and working conditions, to reduce the loss of useful product. The authors have analyzed the technical and operational characteristics of the existing precipitators and means to reduce dust emissions into the atmosphere, and modern methods of dust cleaning. The theoretical basis of inertial dust collection was established and the parameters of additional precipitation surfaces were determined, providing output of the dust particles from turbulent laminar flow, to eliminate the secondary dust removal from the apparatus. The authors have described the scientific and technical basis for the selection and development of vertical construction of dust-collecting chamber with fiber curtains and a feasibility study on the replacement of the cyclone dust-collecting chamber. Theoretical study of the mechanism of dust deposition in the dust-collecting chambers and the results of laboratory studies of their efficiency with fiber curtains and inertial deposition of aerosol optic curtain are proposed. It is proved that the verticaldirectional but erasable flow interacting with the top of the disc-shaped partitions reflected flow is redirected in a horizontal direction along radii of chamber’s body at a decreasing rate as the distance from the center to the periphery in the range is from 0.35 to 0.035 m/s. When the performance of the aspiration unit is Q = 7500 m³ /h, diameter of inner curtains is d = 0.5 m, the chamber height H = 3.8 m and the filtration rate of gas through the curtain is 0.35 m/s, the filtration rate through the curtain with 5 m diameter is 0.035 m/ s. The authors have proposed new mechanism of dust deposition in the dust-collecting chamber and the influence of the electric charge of the particle and fiber on the effectiveness of dust deposition in the chamber. The design of a new vertical dust-collecting chamber is described with fibercurtains, in which the radial flow velocity decreases during the transition from one curtain to another, providing conditions for transition from inertial deposition of particles to the diffusion. It increases the collection efficiency of fi ne dust up to 95 % at initial airflow within the chamber of 0.35 m/s.

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