DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES OF STEEL DIRECT ALLOYING ON THE BASIS OF THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF METALS RECOVERY PROCESSES IN ELEMENTARY SYSTEMS

One of the promising trends of the perfection of the existing technologies is the development of the technologies of alloying and modification of steel oxide, including natural materials. Such materials are the bariumstrontiumcontaining carbonate ores, the nickel concentrates and converter vanadium slag, whose use makes it possible to obtain metal with the improved properties, at the same time from the process is excluded the stage of obtaining ferroalloys and masteralloys, which is characterized by significant expenditures. For improving the existing metallurgical processes the significant studies are required, which can be accomplished with the use of methods of thermodynamic simulation. In the article the results of thermodynamic simulation in the elementary systems of the reduction processes of barium, strontium, vanadium and nickel from their oxides from different restorers are given. The obtained results made it possible to explain the possibility in principle of the realization of the processes of microalloying and modification of steel by inexpensive materials and to determine type and optimum expenditures of restorer. As the tool with the thermodynamic simulation was used the program set “TERRA”, which allows on the basis of the principle of the entropy maximum defining equilibrium classification of multicomponent heterogeneous system for the high-temperature conditions. As the restorers were examined carbon, silicon and aluminum. Studies of the effect of temperature and expenditures of restorers for conditions and regimes of the reduction processes of metals were carried out. The results of investigating the reduction processes of barium and strontium have shown that as the restorer during the application of the oxide barium-containing materials for the treatment of steels is more preferably to use silicon or aluminum. The optimum expenditures of restorers were determined, which ensure the maximum degree of the reduction of barium and strontium. The studies were carried out and the possibility of nickel restoring by carbon was confirmed. The results of investigating the process of vanadium reduction confirmed the realizability of process both separately by silicon and by carbon and by the joint carbon-thermal reduction, during which carbon is the predominant restorer. The use of obtained results will make it possible to develop the new resource-saving technologies with the use of oxide materials for the alloying, microalloying and modifications of the fusions of the system Fe – C.

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