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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2016-4-256-260</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-837</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРНО-ФАЗОВЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ В РЕЛЬСАХ ВЫСШЕЙ КАТЕГОРИИ КАЧЕСТВА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FORMATION OF STRUCTURE-PHASE STATES IN RAILS OF HIGH QUALITY CLASS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перегудов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peregudov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель степени к.т.н кафедры физики им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidates for a degree of Cand. Sci. (Eng.) of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой физики им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Head of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Leading Researcher, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yufi55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер, соискатель степени к.т.н кафедры физики им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer, Candidates for a degree of Cand. Sci. (Eng.) of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morozov_kv75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор кафедры физики им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konovalov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет (654007, Россия, Кемеровская обл., Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (634050, Россия, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36)&#13;
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Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН (634055, Россия, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/3)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia&#13;
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Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>256</fpage><lpage>260</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Перегудов О.А., Громов В.Е., Иванов Ю.Ф., Морозов К.В., Коновалов С.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Перегудов О.А., Громов В.Е., Иванов Ю.Ф., Морозов К.В., Коновалов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Peregudov O.A., Gromov V.E., Ivanov Y.F., Morozov K.V., Konovalov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/837">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/837</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами просвечивающей электронной дифракционной микроскопии установлены количественные параметры структурно-фазовых состояний и дислокационной субструктуры в объемно-закаленных рельсах высшей категории качества. По морфологическому признаку были выделены следующие структурные составляющие рельсовой стали: перлит пластинчатый, зерна феррито-карбидной смеси и зерна структурно свободного феррита. Основным типом структуры исследуемой стали являются зерна перлита, относительное содержание которых в материале 0,68; относительное содержание зерен феррито-карбидной смеси – 0,28, остальное – зерна структурно свободного феррита. Выполнен анализ изгибных контуров экстинкции и показано, что концентраторами напряжений в исследуемой стали являются границы раздела пластин цементита зерен перлита, границы раздела зерен перлита и зерен феррита и границы раздела глобулярные частицы второй фазы – ферритная матрица. Установлено, что границы раздела частица – матрица являются наиболее значимыми концентраторами напряжений и могут быть отнесены к предпочтительным местам формирования трещин.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The quantitative parameters of structure phase states and dislocation substructure in volumetric quenched rails of high quality class were established by methods of transmission electron diffraction microscopy. In accordance with the morphological indication the following structure constituents of rail steel were selected: plate perlite, grains of ferrite-carbide mixture and grains of structure-free ferrite. The grains of perlite are main type of steel structure, their relative content is 0.68; relative content of ferrite-carbide grains is 0.28; the grains of structure free ferrite is rest. The analysis of curvature extinction contours was carried out and it was shown that interfaces of cementite plates of perlite grains; interfaces of perlite and ferrite grains; interfaces of globular particles of carbides – ferrite matrix are the sources of stress concentrators. It was established that interfaces of globular particles of carbides – ferrite matrix are the places with the highest value of stress concentrates. They were regarded as the places of possible crack formation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рельсы</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>фазовый состав</kwd><kwd>дислокационная субструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rails</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>phase composition</kwd><kwd>dislocation substructure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Металловедение и термическая обработка стали. Справочник / Под ред. М.Л. Бернштейна и А.Г. Рахштадта. – М.: Металлургия, 1983. – 435 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metallovedenie i termicheskaya obrabotka stali. Spravochnik [Physical metallurgy and thermal treatment of steel. Reference book]. Bernshtein M.L., Rakhshtadt A.G. eds. Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1983, 435 p. 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