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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2015-4-262-266</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-652</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ И НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ СТРУКТУРНО-ФАЗОВЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ РЕЛЬСОВ ПРИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EVOLUTION OF RAIL STRUCTURE-PHASE STATES AT CONTINUOUS SERVICE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Chief Research associate</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физики им. В.М. Финкеля</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Professor, Head of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перегудов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peregudov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yur’ev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, управляющий директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Managing Director, Professor of the Chair of Physics named after V.M. Finkel’</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет «НИ ТПУ» 634036, Россия, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30&#13;
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Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН 634055, Россия, г. Томск, пр. Академический, 2/3</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University 30, Lenina ave., Tomsk, 634036, Russia&#13;
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Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS 2/3, Akademicheskii ave., Tomsk, 634055, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет 654007, Россия, Кемеровская обл., г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University 42, Kirova str. Kemerovo region, Novokuznetsk, 654007, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет «НИ ТПУ» 634036, Россия, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University 30, Lenina ave., Tomsk, 634036, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «ЕВРАЗ – объединенный Западно-Сибирский металлургический комбинат» 654043, Россия, Кемеровская обл., г. Новокузнецк, шоссе Космическое, 16</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “EVRAZ – Joint West Siberian Metallurgical Plant” 16, Kosmicheskoe route, Kemerovo region, Novokuznetsk, 654043, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>262</fpage><lpage>266</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Перегудов О.А., Морозов К.В., Юрьев А.Б., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Перегудов О.А., Морозов К.В., Юрьев А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov Y.F., Gromov V.E., Peregudov O.A., Morozov K.V., Yur’ev A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/652">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/652</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами современного физического материаловедения выявлены закономерности преобразования структурно-фазовых состояний и дефектной субструктуры поверхностного слоя (глубиной до 10 мм) рельсов в процессе длительной эксплуатации (пропущенный тоннаж 1000 млн. т брутто). Построены профили микротвердости, выявлен факт снижения прочностных характеристик поверхностности катания рельса после эксплуатации на железной дороге. Эксплуатация рельсов приводит к формированию многослойной структуры. Показано, что поверхностный слой толщиной примерно 20 мкм имеет многофазную субмикро- и нанокристаллическую структуру, содержит микропоры и микротрещины. Структура слоя, расположенного на расстоянии 2 мм от поверхности катания, по морфологическому признаку подобна структуре стали до эксплуатации и представлена зернами перлита преимущественно пластинчатой морфологии, зернами феррито-карбидной смеси и зернами структурно свободного феррита. Отмечена повышенная плотность изгибных экстинкционных контуров на глубине 2 мм от поверхности катания. Показано, что максимальная амплитуда полей напряжений формируется на межфазной границе глобулярная частица – матрица.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The regularities of structure-phase states and defect substructuretransformations of the rail surface layer with the 10 mm depth under continuous service (the passed tonnage of 1000 million ton of gross weight) have been revealed by the methods of modern physical material science. The microhardness profi les have been constructed and the reduction of the strength characteristics of the rolling surface after the rail operation on the railr ad has been revealed. Operation of the rails leads to the formation of the multilayer structure. It has been shown that the surface layer with the ~20 μm depth has a multiphase submicro- and nanocrystal structure and contains micropores and microcracks. The layer structure located at a distance of 2 mm from the rolling surface is morphologically similar to that of the steel before the operation and it is presented predominantly by perlite grains of lamellar morphology, grains of ferrite-carbide mixture and structurallyfree ferrite grains. The increased density of bend extinction contours at the depth of 2 mm from the rolling surface have been noted and it has been shown that maximum amplitude of stress fi elds is formed at the interphase globular particle-matrix density.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рельсы</kwd><kwd>эксплуатация</kwd><kwd>излом</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>фазовый состав</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd><kwd>поля напряжений</kwd><kwd>поверхность катания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rails</kwd><kwd>operation</kwd><kwd>fracture</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>phase composition</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd><kwd>stress fi elds</kwd><kwd>rolling surface</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shur E.A. Povrezhdenie rel’sov [Rail damage]. Moscow: Intekst, 2012. 192 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shur E.A. 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