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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2014-9-18-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-396</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТАЛЛОВЕДЧЕСКИЕ И ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ ЖАРОПРОЧНЫХ СПЛАВОВ ХРОМА. ЧАСТЬ I. ПРИМЕСИ В ХРОМЕ. ОСНОВЫ ДИСПЕРСНОГО УПРОЧНЕНИЯ ХРОМОВЫХ СПЛАВОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>METALO-PHYSICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE METALLURGY OF THE CHROMIUM SUPERALLOYS.PART I. IMPURITIES IN CHROMIUM. THE PRINCIPLES OF THE DISPERSION STRENGTHENING OF CHROMIUM-BASE ALLOYS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белянчиков</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyanchikov</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС» (119049, Россия, г . Москва, Ленинский пр., 4)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Technological University MISIS  (Leninskii  pr.,  4, Moscow, 119049, Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белянчиков Л.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белянчиков Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belyanchikov L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/396">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/396</self-uri><abstract><p>Дан обзор  данных  о влиянии различных легирующих  компонентов и примесей на свойства хрома и его сплавов, а также способов производства этих сплавов. Подробно рассмотрены  металловедческие и физико-химические основы  получения дисперсноуп  рочненных сплавов. Рассмотрено упрочнение дисперсных частиц в процессе нагрева и выдержки металла («оствальдское созревание»). Показано, что эти процессы связаны с  уменьшением избыточной  свободной энергии Гиббса. Сделан вывод о необходимости термодинамической оценки указанных процессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article gives the review of the inﬂuence of various alloying components and impurities on chromium and chromium-base alloys attributes and also the review of the production methods of these alloys. The metalo-physical and physico-chemical principles of the production of dispersion-strengthed alloys are examined. The coagulation of dispersed particulates during heating of metal and hot metal endurance “Ostwald Maturity” is examined. It was found that those processes are linked with the excessive free energy (Gibbs energy) reduction. The conclusion about the necessity  of thermodynamical estimation of pointed out processes was done and the results are described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хром</kwd><kwd>сплавы хрома</kwd><kwd>примеси в хроме</kwd><kwd>упрочняющие фазы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromium</kwd><kwd>chromium-base alloys</kwd><kwd>alloying components</kwd><kwd>impurities in chromium</kwd><kwd>strengthening phases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салли А., Брэндз Э. Хром / Пер. с англ. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. – М.: Металлургия, 1971. – 360 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sully A.H., Brandes E.A. Chromium. London: Butterworths, 1967. 373 p. (Russ. ed.: Salli A., Brendz E. Khrom. 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