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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2026-4-394-402</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-3128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Металлографические подходы к исследованию расплава, выплавленного в дуговой электропечи с адаптацией классической термовременной обработки к современной электроплавке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metallographic approaches to the study of melt produced in EAF with adaptation of classical thermal-time treatment to modern electric smelting</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9338-9201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сомов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Somov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Сомов, начальник отдела Инженерно-технологического центра</p><p>Россия, 607060, Нижегородская обл., Выкса, ул. Бр. Баташевых, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Somov, Head of the Department of the Engineering and Technology Center</p><p>45 Br. Batashevykh Str., Vyksa, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607060, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">somov_sa@vsw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1728-7776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ворожева</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorozheva</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Львовна Ворожева, к.т.н., главный специалист</p><p>Россия, 607060, Нижегородская обл., Выкса, ул. Бр. Баташевых, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya L. Vorozheva, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Chief Specialist</p><p>45 Br. Batashevykh Str., Vyksa, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607060, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vorozheva_el@vsw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-9042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цепелев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsepelev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Степанович Цепелев, д.т.н., доцент, профессор кафед­ры безопасности жизнедеятельности в техносфере, директор Исследовательского центра физики металлических жидкос­тей</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir S. Tsepelev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Prof. of the Chair of Life Safety in the Technosphere, Director of the Research Center of Phy­sics of Metallic Liquids</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.s.tsepelev@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурысев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murysev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Александрович Мурысев, главный специалист Инженерно-технологического центра</p><p>Россия, 607060, Нижегородская обл., Выкса, ул. Бр. Баташевых, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Murysev, Chief Specialist of the Engineering and Techno­logy Center</p><p>45 Br. Batashevykh Str., Vyksa, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607060, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murysev_va@vsw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7240-1319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Владимирович Некрасов, к.т.н., доцент кафедры металлургии железа и сплавов Института новых материалов и технологий</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Il’ya V. Nekrasov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair of Metallurgy of Iron and Alloys of the Institute of New Materials and Technologies</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivn84@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Выксунский металлургический завод»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “Vyksa Metallurgical Plant”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>394</fpage><lpage>402</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сомов С.А., Ворожева Е.Л., Цепелев В.С., Мурысев В.А., Некрасов И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сомов С.А., Ворожева Е.Л., Цепелев В.С., Мурысев В.А., Некрасов И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Somov S.A., Vorozheva E.L., Tsepelev V.S., Murysev V.A., Nekrasov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3128">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3128</self-uri><abstract><p>Современная технология производства жидкой стали характерна тем, что обеспечивает максимальное содержание железа (более 99 %) и минимальное содержание примесей на завершающей стадии электроплавки, а также в процессе слива металла в ковш, во время которого также производятся раскисление и десульфурация. Многолетний опыт производства свидетельствует о том, что одними из важнейших резервов уменьшения структурной и химической неоднородности стали и повышения качества металлопродукции сталелитейного производства являются совершенствование технологии процесса выплавки и получение равновесного, максимально однородного расплава перед кристаллизацией. Кристаллизация металла происходит из неравновесного состояния, что усиливает химическую и физическую неоднородность твёрдого металла, снижает его служебные характеристики и приводит к значительным отклонениям его качества от плавки к плавке. Существуют разные способы перевода расплава в равновесие. Наиболее доступным способом получения равновесного расплава является высокотемпературное воздействие. Проведенная в условиях Выксунского завода ОМК экспериментальная работа показала, что подготовка расплава к кристаллизации путем проведения термовременной обработки (ТВО) оказывает влияние на процесс затвердевания и способствует улучшению микроструктуры и свойств твердого металла. Выдвинуто предположение о необходимости проведения высокотемпературного воздействия ТВО на расплав именно на стадии электроплавки в сталеплавильном агрегате.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern liquid steel production technology provides the maximum iron content (more than 99 %), and the minimum impurity content at the final stage of electric smelting, as well as during metal tapping into a ladle with deoxidation and desulfurization. Many years of production experience show that one of the most important reserves for reducing the structural and chemical heterogeneity of steel and improving the quality of steel products in the steel industry is to develop the smelting technology and obtain an equilibrium, maximally homogeneous melt before crystallization. Metal crystallization occurs from a nonequilibrium state, which increases the chemical and physical heterogeneity of solid metal, reduces its service characteristics and leads to significant deviations in its quality from heat to heat. There are different ways to bring the melt into equilibrium. The most accessible way to obtain an equilibrium melt is through high-temperature exposure. Experimental work in the conditions of JSC “Vyksa Metallurgical Plant” showed that melt preparation for crystallization by thermal-time treatment (TTT) affects the solidification process and improves the microstructure and properties of solid metal. It is suggested to carry out a high-temperature effect of TTT on the melt precisely at the stage of smelting in an electric arc furnace (EAF).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железоуглеродистый расплав</kwd><kwd>дуговая печь</kwd><kwd>жидкая сталь</kwd><kwd>температурная аномалия</kwd><kwd>термовременная обработка</kwd><kwd>структурное состояние</kwd><kwd>равновесность расплава</kwd><kwd>металлографические исследования</kwd><kwd>неметаллические включения</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd><kwd>электроплавка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iron-carbon melt</kwd><kwd>electric arc furnace</kwd><kwd>liquid steel</kwd><kwd>temperature anomaly</kwd><kwd>thermal-time treatment</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>melt equilibrium</kwd><kwd>metallography</kwd><kwd>non-metallic inclusions</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd><kwd>electric smelting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баум Б.А., Хасин Г.А., Тягунов Г.В. 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