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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2026-4-381-393</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-3127</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стадии пластической деформации закаленной перлитной стали заэвтектоидного состава при растяжении и сжатии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stages of plastic deformation of quenched pearlitic steel of hypereutectoid composition under tension and compression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-9029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невский</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevskii</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Андреевич Невский, д.т.н., доцент, профессор кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Nevskii, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Prof. of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nevskiy_sa@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Евгеньевич Громов, д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor E. Gromov, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-5739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порфирьев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porfirev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Анатольевич Порфирьев, аспирант кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля, младший научный сотрудник управления научных исследований</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Porfirev, Postgraduate of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’, Junior Researcher of Department of Scientific Researches</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mporf372@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-909X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бащенко</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashchenko</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Петровна Бащенко, к.т.н., доцент кафедры тепло­энергетики и экологии</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila P. Bashchenko, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Thermal Power and Ecology”</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luda.baschenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Денисович Михайлов, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник управления научных исследований</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii D. Mikhailov, Postgraduate, Junior Researcher at the Department of Scientific Research</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dima.mi1999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джемела</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhemela</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Валерьевич Джемела, аспирант</p><p>Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Dzhemela, Postgraduate</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzhemelapavel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>393</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Невский С.А., Громов В.Е., Порфирьев М.А., Бащенко Л.П., Михайлов Д.Д., Джемела П.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Невский С.А., Громов В.Е., Порфирьев М.А., Бащенко Л.П., Михайлов Д.Д., Джемела П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nevskii S.A., Gromov V.E., Porfirev M.A., Bashchenko L.P., Mikhailov D.D., Dzhemela P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3127">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3127</self-uri><abstract><p>Авторы изучили пластическую деформацию рельсовой стали в условиях растяжения и сжатия. В условиях деформации растяжения после достижения предела текучести 1037,9 МПа наблюдается параболическая стадия упрочнения, а далее – стадия предразрушения. В условиях деформации сжатия разрушения материала не происходит, наблюдается только линейная стадия упрочнения. Предел текучести на сжатие составил 1034,2 МПа. Полученные результаты изучены с привлечением автоволновой модели пластичности, в которой были введены три параметра порядка. Первый параметр порядка является амплитудой неустойчивой моды неупругой деформации. Вторым параметром порядка является амплитуда упругих деформаций, которая характеризует изменение объема материала при деформации. Третьим управляющим параметром порядка является амплитуда кривизны решетки. Первые два параметра порядка отвечают за формирование автоволны, а третий определяет ее тип и характер распространения. На основе анализа уравнений кинетики параметров порядка установлено, что наличие кривизны решетки приводит к замедлению образования как бегущих, так и статических полос локализации деформации на линейной и параболической стадии соответственно. Показано, что кривизна влияет на распространение бегущего автосолитона. Если при θ = 0 автосолитон не затухает, то при θ &gt; 0 наблюдается затухание бегущего автосолитона. Сделано предположение, что отсутствие разрушения рельсовой стали при сжатии после окончания линейной стадии обусловлено формированием сначала нерегулярного волнового паттерна, а затем бегущего затухающего автосолитона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors studied plastic deformation of rail steel under tension and compression conditions. Under the conditions of tensile deformation, after reaching a yield strength of 1037.9 MPa, a parabolic hardening stage is observed, followed by a pre-fracture stage. Under conditions of compression deformation, material destruction does not occur, only a linear hardening stage is observed. The compressive yield strength was 1034.2 MPa. The results obtained were discussed using an autowave plasticity model, in which three order parameters were introduced. The first order parameter is the amplitude of unstable mode of inelastic deformation. The second order parameter is the amplitude of elastic deformations, which characterizes the change in the material volume during deformation. The third (control) order parameter is the amplitude of the lattice curvature. The first two order parameters are responsible for the formation of an autowave, and the third determines its type and nature of propagation. Based on the analysis of the kinetic equations of the order parameters, it was established that the presence of lattice curvature leads to a slowdown in the formation of both running and static deformation localization bands at the linear and parabolic stages, respectively. It is shown that the curvature affects the propagation of a running autosoliton. If at θ = 0 the autosoliton does not damp, then at θ &gt; 0 the attenuation of the running autosoliton is observed. It is assumed that the absence of rail steel destruction of during compression after the end of the linear stage is due to the formation of an irregular wave pattern first, and then due to a running damping autosoliton.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заэвтектоидная рельсовая сталь</kwd><kwd>параметры порядка</kwd><kwd>кривизна решетки</kwd><kwd>автосолитон</kwd><kwd>стадии пластической деформации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypereutectoid rail steel</kwd><kwd>order parameters</kwd><kwd>lattice curvature</kwd><kwd>autosoliton</kwd><kwd>stages of plastic deformation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-29-20020, https://rscf.ru/project/25-29-20020/ и Кеме­ровской области – Кузбасса.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation, grant No. 25-29-20020, https://rscf.ru/project/25-29-20020/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y., Zhang S., Feng C., Su X., Chen Y., Jing L. 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