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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2026-2-207-212</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-3050</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ  МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование порового пространства железорудных окатышей с использованием модели клеточных автоматов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the pore space of iron ore pellets using a cellular automaton model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4270-6042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берсенев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bersenev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Сергеевич Берсенев, к.т.н., руководитель научно-аналитического отдела, ООО «НПВП ТОРЭКС»; доцент кафедры металлургии железа и сплавов, Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</p><p>Россия, 620041, Екатеринбург, ул. Основинская, 8</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Bersenev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Scientific and Analytical Department, LLC NPVP TOREKS; Assist. Prof. of the Chair of Metallurgy of Iron and Alloys, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</p><p>8 Osnovinskaya Str., Yekaterinburg 620041, Russian Federation</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.bersenev@torex-npvp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НПВП ТОРЭКС»; Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC NPVP TOREKS; Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>207</fpage><lpage>212</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Берсенев И.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Берсенев И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bersenev I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3050">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3050</self-uri><abstract><p>Повышение роли окатышей как железорудного сырья ставит задачу обеспечения их высокого качества. Одним из наиболее важных факторов, влияющих на структуру и металлургические свойства окатышей, является особенность строения порового пространства. Связь между параметрами пор (объем, удельная поверхность) и металлургическими свойствами выражается через величину поверхности, контактирующей с газом-восстановителем, и прочность минерального каркаса окатыша. Выбор технических решений, обеспечивающих получение окатышей с высокими металлургическими свойствами, может быть осуществлен на основе понимания закономерностей формирования поровой структуры. Целью работы является исследование механизма формирования пор в окатышах с использованием  двумерных клеточных автоматов с квадратной решеткой и окрестностью Мура. Величина расчетного поля составляла 8064 клетки. Моделирование выполнялось в среде MS Excel. Исследования показали, что уже на третьем – четвертом шаге происходит локализация пор и стабилизируется их величина. Согласно полученным данным, на втором шаге моделирования формируются наиболее крупные поры, которые в дальнейшем растут за счет поглощения мелких пустот. Кроме того, внутри твердого вещества остаются реликтовые поры, которые не смогли ассимилироваться с более крупными в связи со стохастической природой процесса. Таким образом, локализация пор в структуре определяется преимущественно первой стадией преобразования структуры. Для агломерата и окатышей – это грануляция шихты. На этой стадии выделяются и локализуются поры. Они имеют статистическое преимущество (начальный размер, наличие других пор рядом) и при дальнейшей термообработке растут за счет поглощения других пор. Удельная поверхность пор в окатышах за счет спекания, определенная с использованием модели клеточных автоматов, сокращается в 3,0 – 3,5 раза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Strengthening the role of pellets as an iron ore raw material sets the task of ensuring their high quality. One of the most important factors affecting the structure and metallurgical properties of pellets are the structural features of the pore space. The relationship between the pore parame­ters (volume, specific surface area) and metallurgical properties is realized through the size of the surface in contact with the reducing agent gas and strength of the mineral pellet frame. The aim of the work is to study the mechanism of pore formation in pellets using the methodology of cellular automata. The study was conducted using two-dimensional cells with a square lattice and a Moore neighborhood. The calculated field value was 8064 cells. The simulation was performed in the MS Excel environment. Studies have shown that already at the third or fourth step, the pores are localized and their size is stabilized. According to the data obtained, at the second step of modeling, the largest pores are formed, which further grow due to the absorption of small voids. In addition, relict pores remain inside the solid, which could not assimilate with larger ones due to the stochastic nature of the process. Thus, the localization of pores in the structure is mainly determined by the first stage of structure transformation. For sinter and pellets, this is the granu­lation of the charge. At this stage, pores are isolated and localized. They have a statistical advantage (initial size, presence of other pores nearby) and during further heat treatment they grow due to the absorption of other pores. The specific surface area of pores in pellets due to sintering, determined using the cellular automaton model, is reduced by 3.0 – 3.5 times.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>окатыши</kwd><kwd>пористость</kwd><kwd>удельная поверхность</kwd><kwd>клеточный автомат</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>грануляция</kwd><kwd>объем порового пространства</kwd><kwd>эволюция пор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pellets</kwd><kwd>porosity</kwd><kwd>specific surface area</kwd><kwd>cellular automaton</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>granulation</kwd><kwd>volume of pore space</kwd><kwd>evolution of pores</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров С.П. Черная металлургия азиатской России во втором и третьем десятилетиях XXI века. 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