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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2026-1-91-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-3021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ  МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математическое моделирование электропроводности расплавов с эвтектическим и монотектическим характером взаимодействия компонентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical modeling of electrical conductivity of melts with eutectic and monotectic interaction characteristics of components</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-9148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Анатольевна Чикова, д.ф.-м.н., профессор кафедры физики</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga A. Chikova, Dr. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Prof. of the Chair of Physics</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">O.A.Chikova@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4237-8941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Шуайлун</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шуайлун Ли, аспирант кафедры физики</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shuailong Li, Postgraduate of the Chair of Physics</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shuailun.li@urfu.me</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чикова О.А., Ли Ш., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чикова О.А., Ли Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chikova O.A., Li S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3021">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/3021</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной работе авторы предлагают использовать теорию обобщённой проводимости (ТОП) для математического моделирования электропроводности металлических расплавов с эвтектическим и монотектическим характером взаимодействия компонентов. Рассмотрены и проанализированы основные подходы ТОП: метод перехода к элементарной ячейке и метод эффективной среды, позволяющие описывать свойства гетерогенных жидких металлических систем. В статье представлена математическая постановка задачи расчёта эффективного коэффициента электропроводности по известным значениям указанных параметров исходных компонентов и их концентрациям. Авторы приводят пример расчета удельного электрического сопротивления расплава Pb – Bi с эвтектическим характером взаимодействия компонентов. Расчет проводился методом перехода к элементарной ячейке Рэлея: модели структуры с взаимопроникающими компонентами, модели структуры с изолированными включениями и методом эффективной среды. Результаты расчётов по данным моделям были сопоставлены с экспериментальными данными об удельном электросопротивлении жидких сплавов Pb – Bi в широком диапазоне температур и концентраций. Все три подхода к оценке удельного электросопротивления расплавов Pb – Bi показали результаты, близкие к данным эксперимента. Наиболее близкие значения были продемонстрированы моделью структуры с взаимопроникающими компонентами, для которой среднеквадратичное отклонение расчётных значений от экспериментальных составило менее 4 %. Авторы обосновали, что применение ТОП для расчёта эффективной электропроводности расплавов целесообразно на начальных этапах разработки новых металлических материалов с заданными свойствами, особенно в случаях, когда проведение прямых экспериментов затруднено. Такой подход позволяет существенно снизить временные и финансовые затраты на синтез образцов и экспериментальное исследование их физико-химических характеристик.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors propose to use the generalized conductivity theory (GCT) for mathematical modeling of electrical conductivity of metallic melts with eutectic and monotectic interaction of components. The main GCT approaches are considered and analyzed: the method of transition to unit cell and the effective medium method, which allow describing the properties of heterogeneous liquid metallic systems. The paper presents a mathematical formulation of the problem of calculating the effective coefficients of electrical conductivity from the known values ​​of the specified parameters of the initial components and their concentrations. An example of calculating the specific electrical resistance of Pb-Bi melt with eutectic interaction of the components is given. The calculation was carried out using the method of transition to the elementary cell of Rayleigh: a model of a structure with interpenetrating components, a model of a structure with isolated inclusions; and the effective medium method. The results of calculations for these models are compared with experimental data on the specific electrical resistance of liquid Pb – Bi alloys in a wide range of temperatures and concentrations. All three approaches to estimating the specific electrical resistance of Pb – Bi melts showed the results close to the experimental data. The closest values ​​were demonstrated by the model of a structure with interpenetrating components, for which the standard deviation of the calculated values ​​from the experimental ones was less than 4 %. The authors substantiated that the use of GCT for calculating the effective coefficients of melts’ electrical conductivity is advisable at the initial stages of developing new metallic materials with specified properties, especially in cases where direct experiments are difficult. This approach allows for a significant reduction in time and financial costs of synthesizing samples and experimentally studying their physicochemical characteristics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>расплавы</kwd><kwd>электропроводность</kwd><kwd>теория обобщенной проводимости</kwd><kwd>эвтектические расплавы</kwd><kwd>монотектические расплавы</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование свойств материалов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>melts</kwd><kwd>electrical conductivity</kwd><kwd>generalized conductivity theory</kwd><kwd>eutectic melts</kwd><kwd>monotectic melts</kwd><kwd>property prediction of materials</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">По материалам XVI Международной научной конференции «Физико-химические основы металлургических процессов» имени академика А.М. 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