<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2025-6-581-586</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Получение карбидосталей на основе быстрорежущей стали методом индукционной наплавки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Production of carbide steels based on high-speed steel by induction surfacing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степан Андреевич Климов, аспирант кафедры материаловедения и технологии обработки материалов</p><p>Россия, 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan A. Klimov, Postgraduate of the Chair of Materials Science and Materials Processing Technology</p><p>79 Svobodnyi Ave., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepaklimov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3985-8947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>Ф. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>F. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федор Михайлович Носков, д.т.н., профессор кафедры материаловедения и технологии обработки материалов</p><p>Россия, 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedor M. Noskov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair Materials Science and Materials Processing Technology</p><p>79 Svobodnyi Ave., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fnoskov@sfu-kras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токмин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokmin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Михайлович Токмин, к.т.н., профессор кафедры материаловедения и технологии обработки материалов</p><p>Россия, 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr M. Tokmin, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair of Materials Science and Materials Processing Technology</p><p>79 Svobodnyi Ave., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tam550@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масанский</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masanskii</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Александрович Масанский, к.т.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой материаловедения и технологии обработки материалов</p><p>Россия, 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Masanskii, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Head of the Chair of Materials Science and Materials Processing Technology</p><p>79 Svobodnyi Ave., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omasansky@sfu-kras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>581</fpage><lpage>586</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климов С.А., Носков Ф.М., Токмин А.М., Масанский О.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климов С.А., Носков Ф.М., Токмин А.М., Масанский О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimov S.A., Noskov F.M., Tokmin A.M., Masanskii O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2993">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2993</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена исследованию возможности получения карбидостали на основе порошковой быстрорежущей стали 10Р6М5 с добавками карбидов вольфрама (WC) и титана (TiC) методом индукционной наплавки. Подобранные составы наплавляемой шихты и предложенный состав флюса на основе плавленой буры с добавками борной кислоты и ряда оксидов удовлетворяют технологии. Разработанная технология включает в себя флюс, способ брикетирования шихты с помощью поршневого устройства, минимизирующего перемещение ферромагнитных компонентов шихты под влиянием электромагнитного поля индуктора в процессе наплавки. Получены и исследованы наплавленные слои карбидостали на основе быстрорежущей стали с упрочнением карбидами вольфрама и титана. Исследование полученных слоев проводилось методами оптической и электронной микроскопии (с применением микроанализатора), рентгенофазовым методом контролировался фазовый состав наплавленных слоев, твердость слоев измерялась методом Роквелла. Добавление карбида вольфрама в порошковую быстрорежущую сталь приводит при наплавке к формированию ледебуритной структуры, характерной для высоковольфрамистых быстрорежущих сталей. Повышение количества карбида вольфрама в составе карбидостали приводит только к частичному его расплавлению в жидкой стали, что способствует сохранению в микроструктуре частиц внесенных карбидов. Карбид титана, добавленный в состав карбидостали, существенно меняет морфологию ледебуритных выделений. По данным рентгенофазового анализа в составе карбидосталей наблюдается ряд карбидов типа Me12C, Мe6С, Мe2С и МeС, свойственных карбидосталям, полученным различными методами (плазменной наплавкой, спеканием, пропиткой карбидного каркаса и др.). Показано, что твердость образцов карбидосталей с добавками карбидов вольфрама и титана варьируется от 59 до 63 HRC, в зависимости от состава и технологических режимов наплавки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of obtaining carbide steel based on powdered high-speed steel 10R6M5 with additives of tungsten (WC) and titanium (TiC) carbides by induction surfacing. The selected compositions of the deposited charge and the proposed composition of the flux based on fused borax with additives of boric acid and a number of oxides satisfy the technology. The developed technology includes a flux, a method of briquetting charge using a piston device that minimizes the movement of ferromagnetic components of the charge under the influence of inductor electromagnetic field during surfacing. Deposited layers of carbide steel based on high-speed steel reinforced with tungsten and titanium carbides were produced and studied. The obtained layers were analyzed using optical and electron microscopy (using a microanalyzer), phase composition of the deposited layers was controlled by the X-ray phase method, and hardness of the layers was measured by the Rockwell method. Addition of tungsten carbide to powdered high-speed steel leads to the formation of ledeburite structure during surfacing, which is characteristic of high-tungsten high-speed steels. An increase in the amount of tungsten carbide in the carbide steel leads only to its partial melting in liquid steel, which helps to preserve the particles of introduced carbides in the microstructure. Titanium carbide added to the carbide steel composition significantly changes the morphology of ledeburite precipitates. According to X-ray phase analysis data, a number of carbides of Me12C, Me6C, Me2C and MeC types were observed in the composition of carbide steels, which are characteristic of carbide steels obtained by various methods (plasma surfacing, sintering, impregnation of a carbide frame, etc.). It is shown that hardness of the samples of carbide steels with additives of tungsten and titanium carbides varies from 59 to 63 HRC, depending on the composition and technological modes of surfacing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карбидосталь</kwd><kwd>индукционная наплавка</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>быстрорежущая сталь</kwd><kwd>карбид вольфрама</kwd><kwd>карбид титана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carbide steel</kwd><kwd>induction surfacing</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>high-speed steel</kwd><kwd>tungsten carbide</kwd><kwd>titanium carbide</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarraste M., Kübarsepp J., Juhani K., Mere A., Kolnes M., Viljus M., Maaten B. Ferritic chromium steel as binder metal for WC cemented carbides. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2018;73:183–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarraste M., Kübarsepp J., Juhani K., Mere A., Kolnes M., Viljus M., Maaten B. Ferritic chromium steel as binder metal for WC cemented carbides. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2018;73:183–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2018.02.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang S.-H., Chen S.-L. Characterization and properties of sintered WC–Co and WC–Ni–Fe hard metal alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2014;585:407–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.09.188</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang S.-H., Chen S.-L. Characterization and properties of sintered WC–Co and WC–Ni–Fe hard metal alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2014;585:407–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.09.188</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernandes C.M., Senos A.M.R., Vieira M.T., Antunes J.M. Mechanical characterization of composites prepared from WC powders coated with Ni rich binders. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2008;26(5):491–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2007.12.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fernandes C.M., Senos A.M.R., Vieira M.T., Antunes J.M. Mechanical characterization of composites prepared from WC powders coated with Ni rich binders. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2008;26(5):491–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2007.12.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савиных Л.М., Дудорова Т.А., Помялов С.Ю., Вержбалович Т.А. Повышение эффективности ремонта сельскохозяйственной техники на основе применения инструмента из карбидостали. Вестник Курганской ГСХА. 2022;(4(44)):73–80. https://doi.org/10.52463/22274227_2022_44_73</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savinykh L.M., Dudorova T.A., Pomyalov S.Yu., Verzhbalovich T.A. Increasing the efficiency of agricultural machi­nery repair based on the use of tools from carbide steel. Vestnik Kurganskoj GSHA. 2022;(4(44)):73–80. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.52463/22274227_2022_44_73</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garcia J. Influence of Fe–Ni–Co binder composition on nitridation of cemented carbides. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2012;30(1):114–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2011.07.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garcia J. Influence of Fe–Ni–Co binder composition on nitridation of cemented carbides. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2012;30(1):114–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2011.07.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang S.H., Chang M.H., Huang K.T. Study on the sintered characteristics and properties of nanostructured WC-15 wt% (Fe-Ni-Co) and WC-15 wt% Co hard metal alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2015;649:89–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.07.119</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang S.H., Chang M.H., Huang K.T. Study on the sintered characteristics and properties of nanostructured WC-15 wt% (Fe-Ni-Co) and WC-15 wt% Co hard metal alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2015;649:89–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.07.119</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кульков С.Н., Гнюсов С.Ф. Карбидостали на основе карбидов титана и вольфрама. Томск: Издательство научно-технической литературы; 2006:239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulkov S.N., Gnyusov S.F. Carbide Steels Based on Titanium and Tungsten Carbides. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo nauchno-tekhnicheskoi literatury; 2006:239. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z., Wang X., Zhang Q., Liang Y., Ren L., Li X. Fabrication of Fe-based composite coatings reinforced by TiC particles and its microstructure and wear resistance of 40Cr gear steel by low energy pulsed laser cladding. Optics &amp; Laser Technology. 2019;119:105622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z., Wang X., Zhang Q., Liang Y., Ren L., Li X. Fabrication of Fe-based composite coatings reinforced by TiC particles and its microstructure and wear resistance of 40Cr gear steel by low energy pulsed laser cladding. Optics &amp; Laser Technology. 2019;119:105622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ortiz A., García A., Cadenas M., Fernández M.R., Cuetos J.M. WC particles distribution model in the cross-section of laser cladded NiCrBSi + WC coatings, for different wt% WC. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2017;324:298–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.05.086</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ortiz A., García A., Cadenas M., Fernández M.R., Cuetos J.M. WC particles distribution model in the cross-section of laser cladded NiCrBSi + WC coatings, for different wt% WC. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2017;324:298–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.05.086</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рыжкин А.А., Илясов А.В. Фазовый состав металло­матричных композитов системы Fe-W-C, формируемых плазменным осаждением. Вестник Донского государственного технического университета. 2007;7(2(33)): 169–176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryzhkin A.A., Ilyasov A.V. Phase content of metal-matrix composites of the system Fe-W-C which are formed by plasma precipitation. Vestnik of the Don State Technical University. 2007;7(2(33)):169–176 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu L.M., Xiao J.K., Wei X.L., Ren Y.X., Zhang G., Zhang C. Effects of temperature and atmosphere on microstructure and tribological properties of plasma sprayed FeCrBSi coa­tings. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018;753:586–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.247</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu L.M., Xiao J.K., Wei X.L., Ren Y.X., Zhang G., Zhang C. Effects of temperature and atmosphere on microstructure and tribological properties of plasma sprayed FeCrBSi coa­tings. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018;753:586–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.247</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emamian A., Alimardani M., Khajepour A. Correlation between temperature distribution and in situ formed microstructure of Fe-TiC deposited on carbon steel using laser cladding. Applied Surface Science. 2012;258(22):9025–9031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.05.143</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emamian A., Alimardani M., Khajepour A. Correlation between temperature distribution and in situ formed microstructure of Fe-TiC deposited on carbon steel using laser cladding. Applied Surface Science. 2012;258(22):9025–9031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.05.143</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu A.G., Guo M.H., Hu H.L., Li Z.J. Microstructure of Cr3C2-reinforced surface metal matrix composite produced by gas tungsten arc melt injection. Scripta Materialia. 2008;59(2):231–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.03.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu A.G., Guo M.H., Hu H.L., Li Z.J. Microstructure of Cr3C2-reinforced surface metal matrix composite produced by gas tungsten arc melt injection. Scripta Materialia. 2008;59(2):231–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.03.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muvvala G., Karmakar D.P., Nath A.K. In-process detection of microstructural changes in laser cladding of in-situ Inconel 718/TiC metal matrix composite coating. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018;740:545–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.12.364</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muvvala G., Karmakar D.P., Nath A.K. In-process detection of microstructural changes in laser cladding of in-situ Inconel 718/TiC metal matrix composite coating. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2018;740:545–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.12.364</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muvvala G., Karmakar D.P., Nath A.K. Online assessment of TiC decomposition in laser cladding of metal matrix composite coating. Materials &amp; Design. 2017;121:310–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.02.061</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muvvala G., Karmakar D.P., Nath A.K. Online assessment of TiC decomposition in laser cladding of metal matrix composite coating. Materials &amp; Design. 2017;121:310–320.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.02.061</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Индукционная наплавка твердых сплавов / В.Н. Ткачев, Б.М. Фиштейн, Н.В. Казинцев, Д.А. Алдырев. Москва: Машиностроение; 1970:177.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tkachev V.N., Fishtein B.M., Kazintsev N.V., Aldyrev D.A. Induction Surfacing of Hard Alloys. Moscow: Mashinostroenie; 1970:177 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rudnev V.I., Loveless D. Induction hardening: Technology, process design, and computer modeling. Comprehensive Materials Processing. 2014;12:489–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-096532-1.01217-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudnev V.I., Loveless D. Induction hardening: Technology, process design, and computer modeling. Comprehensive Materials Processing. 2014;12:489–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-096532-1.01217-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маликов В.Н., Ишков А.В., Войнаш С.А., Соколова В.А., Ремшев Е.Ю. Исследование процессов упрочнения стальных деталей методом индукционной наплавки. Металлург. 2021;(11):69–75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malikov V.N., Ishkov A.V., Voynash S.A., Sokolova V.A., Remshev E.Yu. Investigation of processes of hardening steel parts by induction surfacing. Metallurg. 2021;(11):69–75. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Индукционная наплавка, технология, материалы, оборудование / А.А. Боль, В.В. Иванайский, С.П. Лесков, В.П. Тимошенко. Барнаул: Алт. НТО Машиностроения; 1991:148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bol’ A.A., Ivanaiskii V.V., Leskov S.P., Timoshenko V.P. Induction Surfacing, Technology, Materials, Equipment. Barnaul: Alt. NTO Mashinostroeniya; 1991:148. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mishra A., Bag S., Pal S. Induction heating in sustainable manufacturing and material processing technologies – A state of art literature review. Reference Module in Mate­rials Scien­ce and Materials Engineering. 2020;1:343–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11559-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mishra A., Bag S., Pal S. Induction heating in sustainable manufacturing and material processing technologies – A state of art literature review. Reference Module in Mate­rials Scien­ce and Materials Engineering. 2020;1:343–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11559-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
