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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2025-4-372-382</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2940</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИИ В МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОМ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ И ЛАБОРАТОРНОМ ОБОРУДОВАНИИ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯХ И МАТЕРИАЛАХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATIONS IN METALLURGICAL INDUSTRIAL AND LABORATORY EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование и оптимизация влияния температурных швов на напряженно-деформированное состояние сферических металлических литейных форм</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and optimization of the effect of temperature seams on stress-strain state of spherical metal casting molds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9594-4068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстигнеев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstigneev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Иванович Евстигнеев, д.т.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник Управления научно-исследовательской деятельностью</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei I. Evstigneev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Chief Researcher of the Department of Research Activities</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">diss@knastu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-2455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Витальевна Чернышова, аспирант кафедры «Авиа­строе­ние»</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dar’ya V. Chernyshova, Postgraduate of the Chair of Aircraft Engineering</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daracernysova744@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0200-1675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одиноков</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odinokov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Иванович Одиноков, д.т.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник Управления научно-исследовательской деятель­ностью</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii I. Odinokov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Chief Researcher of the Department of Research Activities</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79122718858@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8023-316X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриев</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitriev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Анатольевич Дмитриев, д.т.н., доцент, ректор</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard A. Dmitriev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Rector</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@knastu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-2468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстигнеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstigneeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Алексеевна Евстигнеева, магистрант кафедры «Прикладная математика»</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Evstigneeva, MA Student of the Chair “Applied Mathematics”</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annka.ewstic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4480-075X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колошенко</surname><given-names>Ю. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koloshenko</surname><given-names>Yu. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Борисовна Колошенко, старший преподаватель кафедры «Авиастроение»</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya B. Koloshenko, Senior Lecturer of the Chair of Aircraft Engineering</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koloschenko2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6113-6073</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потянихин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potyanikhin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Андреевич Потянихин, к.ф.-м.н., доцент кафедры «Авиастроение»</p><p>Россия, 681013, Хабаровский край, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Potyanikhin, Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair of Aircraft Engineering</p><p>27 Lenina Ave., Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory 681013, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potyanikhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Комсомольский-на-Амуре государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Komsomolsk-on-Amur State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>372</fpage><lpage>382</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Евстигнеев А.И., Чернышова Д.В., Одиноков В.И., Дмитриев Э.А., Евстигнеева А.А., Колошенко Ю.Б., Потянихин Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евстигнеев А.И., Чернышова Д.В., Одиноков В.И., Дмитриев Э.А., Евстигнеева А.А., Колошенко Ю.Б., Потянихин Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evstigneev A.I., Chernyshova D.V., Odinokov V.I., Dmitriev E.A., Evstigneeva A.A., Koloshenko Y.B., Potyanikhin D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2940">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2940</self-uri><abstract><p>Задачей настоящего теоретического исследования является оценка влияния кольцевых температурных швов на внутренней поверхности литейной металлической сферической формы на уровень напряженно-деформированного состояния (НДС) в ней при кристаллизации стальной отливки. Специфика данного технологического процесса состоит в геометрической форме (сфера) литейной модели, когда кристаллизующийся металл создает во внутренней поверхности литейной формы (в первые мгновения) значительные сжимающие напряжения, которые усиливаются кривизной формы: внутренний слой формы, нагреваясь, пытается увеличиться в объеме, но этому препятствуют не только более холодные внешние слои, но и кривизна самого поверхностного слоя. Рассмат­риваются два варианта применения литейной формы: со швами и без них. Формулируется задача оптимизации конструктивных параметров температурных швов (выточек) от величины возникающих в литейной форме нормальных напряжений в начальной стадии кристаллизации стальной отливки. При решении задачи используются уравнения линейной теории упругости, уравнения теплопроводности и апробированный численный метод. Приведена численная схема и разработанный алгоритм решения задачи. Оценка трещиностойкости проводится по величине нормальных напряжений в металлической сферической форме. Найденные в результате решения тестовой задачи оптимальные конструктивные варианты (схемы) литейной сферической металлической формы зависят от расположения температурных швов в оболочковой форме, значений напряжений в них в условиях целевой функции min-max и разработанного алгоритма. Результаты решения задачи представлены графически в виде эпюр напряжений и температур по исследуемой области в разных сечениях и временах охлаждения ОФ и нарастающей корочки металла. Дан анализ полученных результатов стойкости металлической сферической литейной формы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of this theoretical study is to evaluate the effect of annular temperature seams in the inner surface of a spherical metal casting mold on the level of stress-strain state (SSS) in it during crystallization of a steel casting. The specificity of this technological process consists in the geometric shape (sphere) of the casting model, when the crystallizing metal creates significant compressive stresses in the inner surface of the mold (in the first moments), which are enhanced by the mold curvature: the mold inner layer, heating up, tries to increase in volume, but this is prevented not only by the cooler outer layers, but also by curvature of the surface layer itself. Two possible applications of the casting mold are being considered: with and without seams. The problem of optimizing the design parameters of temperature seams (recesses) is formulated. It depends on the magnitude of the normal stresses occurring in the casting mold at the initial stage of the steel casting crystallization. When solving the problem, the equations of the linear theory of elasticity, the equations of thermal conductivity and the proven numerical method are used. The paper presents a numerical scheme and a developed algorithm for solving the problem. Crack resistance was estimated based on the magnitude of normal stresses in a spherical metal mold. The optimal design options (schemes) of a spherical metal casting mold found as a result of solving the test problem depend on location of the temperature seams in the shell mold, the stress values in them under conditions of the min-max objective function and the developed algorithm. The results of solving the problem are presented graphically in the form of plots of stresses and temperatures in the studied area in different sections and periods of cooling of the shell mold and the metal growing crust. The obtained results of resistance of a metal spherical casting mold were analyzed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>металлическая литейная форма</kwd><kwd>отливка</kwd><kwd>напряженно-деформированное состояние</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metal casting mold</kwd><kwd>casting</kwd><kwd>stress-strain state</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-29-00214, https://rscf.ru/project/24-29-00214/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 24-29-00214, https://rscf.ru/project/24-29-00214/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евстигнеев А.И., Дмитриев Э.А., Одиноков В.И., Чернышова Д.В., Евстигнеева А.А., Иванкова Е.П. 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