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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2025-3-305-315</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2915</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ  МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>O возможных последствиях, вызванных уменьшением количества образцов при приемо-сдаточных испытаниях единицы металлопродукции для оценки ее качества</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possible consequences caused by reducing the number of samples during acceptance tests of a unit of metal products to assess its quality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-9223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколовская</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolovskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элина Александровна Соколовская, к.т.н., ученый секретарь Совета УМО по образованию в области металлургии, доцент кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elina A. Sokolovskaya, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Scientific Secretary of the UMO Council for Education in Metallurgy, Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Metallography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolovskaya@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5225-6070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Босов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bosov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егор Владимирович Босов, аналитик подразделения Офиса управления проектами</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor V. Bosov, Analyst of the Project Management Office</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bosov.e@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудря</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Викторович Кудря, д.т.н., профессор кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Kudrya, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair “Metallography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5380-5558</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кодиров</surname><given-names>Д. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodirov</surname><given-names>D. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давронжон Фарходжон Угли Кодиров, к.т.н., ассистент кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Davronjon F.U. Kodirov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assistant of the Chair “Metallography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kodirov.df@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Игоревич Алексеев, аспирант, инженер научного проекта кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii I. Alekseev, Postgraduate, Engineer of the Chair “Metallography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiilobit@edu.misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>305</fpage><lpage>315</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколовская Э.А., Босов Е.В., Кудря А.В., Кодиров Д.Ф., Алексеев В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколовская Э.А., Босов Е.В., Кудря А.В., Кодиров Д.Ф., Алексеев В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolovskaya E.A., Bosov E.V., Kudrya A.V., Kodirov D.F., Alekseev V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2915">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2915</self-uri><abstract><p>Для листовой стали 13Г1С-У и крупногабаритных поковок из улучшаемой стали 38ХН3МФА-Ш, изготовленных по существующим технологиям, были проанализированы возможные последствия для оценки качества металлопродукции, связанные с изменением количества образцов, используемых при тестировании единицы продукции (партии, поковки). На основе расчета коэффициентов асимметрии и эксцесса авторы оценили изменение вида распределения значений ударной вязкости, сопутствующее вариации количества образцов. Выборка значений диапазона ударной вязкости, полученных в результате тестирования двух образцов (трех возможных парных комбинаций) на единицу продукции, сравнивалась с использованием критериев Стьюдента и Смирнова как между собой, так и с исходной выборкой (три образца для оценки одной партии листа). Полученные результаты также показали, что в условиях, когда статистическая природа распределений значений параметров качества металлопродукции отличается от нормального вида распределения, необходимо использование критериев непараметрической статистики. Были оценены риски возможной потери информации о качестве металлопродукции при уменьшении количества образцов, испытываемых в рамках отдельной партии. Для получения адекватных результатов статистического анализа необходимо выявить и устранить возможные побочные явления, искажающие результаты анализа: тренды, сезонные колебания, ошибки в записи данных. Для металлопродукции, отличающейся развитой неоднородностью структур, объективная информация о запасе вязкости сталей может быть получена на основе микромеханических испытаний образцов, габариты которых сопоставимы с масштабом структурной неоднородности. Полученные результаты могут быть полезны при статистическом анализе баз данных производственного контроля процесса и продукта в металлургии для подготовки обоснованных технологических рекомендаций (в рамках функционирования сквозной системы управления качеством), направленных на повышение однородности качества металлопродукции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For 13G1S-U sheet steel and large forgings made of heat-treatable 38KhN3MFA-Sh steel, produced by existing technologies, the possible con­sequences for quality assessment of metal products were analyzed related to changes in the number of samples used in testing a single product unit (batch, forging). Based on the calculation of skewness and kurtosis coefficients, the authors estimated the change of distribution type of impact strength values accompanying the change in the number of samples. The sampling of impact strength range values ​​obtained from testing two samples (three possible paired combinations) per unit of products were compared using the Student’s and Smirnov’s criteria, both among themselves and with the original sampling (three samples for evaluating one batch of sheet). The obtained results also showed that in conditions when the statistical nature of values distributions of the metal products quality parameters differs from the normal distribution type, it is necessary to use the criteria of nonparametric statistics. The risks of possible loss of information on the metal products’ quality when reducing the number of samples tested within a single batch were assessed. In order to obtain adequate results of statistical analysis, it is necessary to identify and eliminate possible side effects that distort results of analysis: trends, seasonal fluctuations, and data recording errors. For metal products characteri­zed by the developed heterogeneity of structures, obtaining objective information on the toughness reserve of steels can be obtained on the basis of micromechanical tests of samples whose dimensions are comparable to the scale of structural heterogeneity. The obtained results can be useful in the statistical analysis of production process and product control databases in metallurgy to obtain reasonable technological recommendations (within the framework of operation of the end-to-end quality management system) aimed at improving the uniformity of metal product.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>статистический анализ в металлургии</kwd><kwd>оценка качества металлопродукции</kwd><kwd>информативность результатов механических испытаний</kwd><kwd>статистическая природа данных производственного контроля продукта</kwd><kwd>критерии непараметрической и классической статистики</kwd><kwd>Big Data</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>statistical analysis in metallurgy</kwd><kwd>quality assessment of metal products</kwd><kwd>informativeness of mechanical testing results</kwd><kwd>statistical nature of production control data</kwd><kwd>nonparametric and classical statistics</kwd><kwd>Big Data</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сталь на рубеже столетий / Под ред. 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