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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2025-3-287-296</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2913</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASICS OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние добавок оксида бора на вязкость и температуру плавления системы CaO – SiO2 – Al2O3 – MgO</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of boron oxide additives on viscosity and melting point of the CaO – SiO2 – Al2O3 – MgO system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6395-0834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вусихис</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vusikhis</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Семенович Вусихис, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии цветных металлов</p><p>620016, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr S. Vusikhis, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Pyrometallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vas58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-2955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михеенков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikheenkov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Аркадьевич Михеенков, д.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории проблем техногенных образований</p><p>620016, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Mikheenkov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Problems of Man-Made Formations</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">silast@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4343-914X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонтьев</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leont’ev</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леопольд Игоревич Леонтьев, академик, советник, Президиум РАН; д.т.н., профессор, Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»; главный научный сотрудник, Институт металлургии УрО РАН</p><p>620016, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 32а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leopol’d I. Leont’ev, Academician, Adviser, Russian Academy of Sciences; Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., National University of Science and Techno­logy “MISIS”; Chief Researcher, Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p><p>32a Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leo@presidium.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6731-3595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агафонов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agafonov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Агафонов, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории редких тугоплавких металлов</p><p>620016, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei N. Agafonov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Rare Refractory Metals</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agafonovs@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии имени академика Н.А. Ватолина Уральского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Metallurgy named after Academician N.A. Vatolin, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии имени академика Н.А. Ватолина Уральского отделения РАН; Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»; Президиум РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Metallurgy named after Academician N.A. Vatolin, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Scientific Council on Metallurgy and Metal Science of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>287</fpage><lpage>296</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вусихис А.С., Михеенков М.А., Леонтьев Л.И., Агафонов С.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вусихис А.С., Михеенков М.А., Леонтьев Л.И., Агафонов С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vusikhis A.S., Mikheenkov M.A., Leont’ev L.I., Agafonov S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2913">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2913</self-uri><abstract><p>Доля местного железорудного сырья металлургических предприятий Уральского региона составляет 50 – 60 %. Остальное завозится из Центральной России, Кольского полуострова и Казахстана. Вопрос замены привозного сырья на местное, более дешевое, является весьма актуальным. Добыча сидеритовой железной руды Бакальского месторождения (Южный Урал), запасы которой составляют около 1 млрд т, во много раз меньше, чем это позволяют горно-геологические условия, что связано с незначительным спросом на это сырье из-за низкого качества. Высокое содержание в руде оксида магния делает затруднительным или невозможным ведение доменной плавки с использованием более 20 % сидеритов в шихте. Основой любого доменного шлака является четырехкомпонентная система CaO – SiO2 – Al2O3 – MgO состава, мас. %: 30 – 40 SiO2 , 31 – 49 CaO, 3 – 18 MgO, 7 – 20 Al2O3 . Температура плавления таких шлаков составляет 1280 – 1320 ℃. При температуре 1450 °С их вязкость имеет значение ~0,5 Паꞏс. Увеличение содержания оксида магния (&gt;20 %) приводит к резкому повышению температуры плавления шлаков, сокращает интервал кристаллизации и делает их нестабильными. В связи с этим материалы, изготовленные из сидеритовой руды с использованием различных технологий подготовки их к доменной плавке (сырая руда, обжиг-магнитное обогащение, агломерация), вводят в шихту только в качестве добавок. Их доля не превышает 20 %. С использованием современных методов статистической обработки экспериментальных данных изучено влияние борного ангидрида на вязкость высокомагнезиальных доменных шлаков, содержащих 15 – 36 % MgO. Показано, что добавление борного ангидрида в исходную шихту позволяет снизить температуру плавления шлака и увеличить интервал кристаллизации. Это дает возможность вести доменную плавку на шлаках, содержащих около 40 % MgO, что соответствует доле сидерита 40 – 50 % в исходной шихте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The share of local iron ore raw materials of metallurgical enterprises of the Ural region is 50 – 60 %. The rest is brought from Central Russia, the Kola Peninsula and Kazakhstan. The issue of replacing imported raw materials with local, cheaper ones, is very relevant. The extraction of siderite iron ore of the Bakalskoye deposit (Southern Urals), the reserves of which are about 1 billion tons, is many times less than the mining and geological conditions allow because of the insignificant demand for this raw material due to its low quality. The high content of magnesium oxide in the ore makes blast furnace smelting difficult or impossible using more than 20 % of siderites in the charge. The basis of any blast furnace slag is a four-component system CaO – SiO2 – Al2O3 – MgO with the following composition, wt. %: 30 – 40 SiO2 , 31 – 49 CaO, 3 – 18 MgO, 7 – 20 Al2O3 . The melting point of such slags is 1280 – 1320 ℃. At a temperature of 1450 °C, their viscosity is about 0.5 Pa·s. An increase in the magnesium oxide content (&gt;20 %) leads to a sharp increase in melting point of the slags, reduces the crystallization interval and makes them unstable. In this regard, the materials made from siderite ore using various technologies for preparing them for blast furnace smelting (raw ore, roasting-magnetic separation, agglomeration) are introduced into the blast furnace charge only as additives. Their share does not exceed 20 %. The effect of boric anhydride on the viscosity of high-magnesia blast furnace slags containing 15 – 36 % MgO was studied using modern methods of statistical processing of experimental data. It was shown that addition of boric anhydride to the initial charge allows to reduce the melting point of the slag and to increase the crystallization interval. This makes it possible to conduct blast furnace smelting on slags containing about 40 % MgO, which corresponds to a siderite share of 40 – 50 % in the initial charge.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доменный шлак</kwd><kwd>вязкость</kwd><kwd>температура плавления</kwd><kwd>сидеритовая руда</kwd><kwd>оксид магния</kwd><kwd>оксид бора</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>доменная плавка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blast furnace slag</kwd><kwd>viscosity</kwd><kwd>melting point</kwd><kwd>siderite ore</kwd><kwd>magnesium oxide</kwd><kwd>boron oxide</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>blast furnace smelting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда по проекту № 25-29-00363 с использованием оборудования ЦКП «Урал-М».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed with the support of the Russian Science Foundation under project No. 25-29-00363 using the equipment of the Ural-M Common Use Center.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ефименко Г.Г., Гиммельфарб А.А., Левченко В.Е. 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