blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2025-4-411-416blackmet-2849Research ArticleИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ МЕТАЛЛУРГИИINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGYМатематическая модель состояния футеровки главного желоба доменной печиMathematical model of the blast furnace main trough lining conditionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-0215ДмитриевА. Н.DmitrievA. N.

Андрей Николаевич Дмитриев, д.т.н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии восстановительных процессов

Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Andrei N. Dmitriev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Pyrometallurgy of Reduction Processes

101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation

andrey.dmitriev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7023-5734ВитькинД. А.Vit’kinD. A.

Дмитрий Александрович Витькин, инженер-конструктор

Россия, 620078, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 33

Dmitrii A. Vit’kin, Design Engineer

33 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620078, Russian Federation

dimantg85@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8923-9872ЗолотыхМ. О.ZolotykhM. O.

Максим Олегович Золотых, к.т.н., ведущий инженер лаборатории пирометаллургии восстановительных процессов

Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Maksim O. Zolotykh, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Engineer of Laboratory for Pyrometallurgy of Reduction Processes

101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation

max@zolotyh.suhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1076-2709ВитькинаГ. Ю.Vit’kinaG. Yu.

Галина Юрьевна Витькина, к.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией пирометаллургии восстановительных процессов

Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Galina Yu. Vit’kina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Pyrometallurgy of Reduction Processes

101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation

20procents@mail.ruИнститут металлургии имени академика Н.А. Ватолина Уральского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Metallurgy named after Academician N.A. Vatolin, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationАО «Калугин»РоссияJSC KaluginRussian Federation202522082025684411416Copyright © Дмитриев А.Н., Витькин Д.А., Золотых М.О., Витькина Г.Ю., 20252025Дмитриев А.Н., Витькин Д.А., Золотых М.О., Витькина Г.Ю.Dmitriev A.N., Vit’kin D.A., Zolotykh M.O., Vit’kina G.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2849

Главный горновой желоб доменной печи – это сложная технологическая конструкция, играющая критическую роль в процессе выплавки чугуна. Он служит для отвода расплавленного чугуна и шлака из горна печи, обеспечивая непрерывность и безопасность процесса. Надежная работа желоба напрямую влияет на производительность доменной печи. Конструкция желоба должна выдерживать экстремально высокие температуры и агрессивную химическую среду, а его правильное функционирование требует постоянного контроля и обслуживания. Корректный выбор огнеупорных материалов, технологии футерования, а также выявление возможности повышения стойкости огнеупорной футеровки главных горновых желобов и продления срока их службы определены своевременным получением информации о тепловой нагрузке на слои огнеупоров и кожух, об условиях эксплуатации, конструктивных особенностях и процессах разрушения огнеупоров при их взаимодействии с чугуном и шлаком. Системы контроля работы главного горнового желоба доменной печи призваны обеспечивать безопасную и эффективную его эксплуатацию, своевременно выявляя отклонения от нормального режима и предотвращая аварийные ситуации. Они включают в себя визуальный, инструментальный и автоматический контроль. Система мониторинга разгара главных горновых желобов позволит технологическому персоналу доменной печи контролировать состояние желобов, оценивать их остаточный ресурс и принимать своевременные решения об их ремонте. Разработанная математическая модель состояния футеровки главного желоба доменной печи учитывает термоконтроль кожухов горновых желобов в реальном времени. Она нацелена на получение оперативной информации по разгару главных горновых желобов и основана на решении задачи стационарной теплопроводности многослойной плоской стенки, каждый слой которой является однородной стенкой.

The main trough of a blast furnace represents a complex technological structure that plays a critical role in the ironmaking process by draining molten cast iron and slag from the furnace hearth, thus ensuring the continuity and safety of the process. The reliable operation of the trough directly impacts the blast furnace productivity. The trough must be designed to withstand extremely high temperatures and aggressive chemical environments, and its proper functioning requires constant monitoring and maintenance. Selection of refractory materials and lining technology, as well as the potential for enhancing the resistance of refractory linings in the main mining troughs and extending their service life, are contingent on the timely acquisition of information regarding the thermal load on the refractory layers and casing, the operating conditions, design characteristics, and destruction processes of refractories in interaction with cast iron and slag. The control systems of the blast furnace main mining trough are designed to ensure its safe and efficient operation, by detecting deviations from normal mode in a timely manner and preventing emergency situations. These systems include visual, instrumental and automatic control. The monitoring system of the main mining troughs heat-up will allow the blast furnace technological personnel to control the condition of troughs, estimate their remaining life and make timely decisions on their repair. The developed mathematical model of the blast furnace main trough lining condition takes into account real-time thermocontrol of the blast furnace mining trough casings. It is aimed at obtaining operative information on the main mining troughs heat-up, and is based on the solution of the problem of stationary heat conduction of a multilayer flat wall, each layer of which is a homogeneous wall.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.