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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2025-1-44-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2839</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование влияния режимов термической обработки на свойства сплава 56ДГНХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of heat treatment modes on the properties of 56DGNKh (Cu20Ni20Mn2Cr) alloy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беломытцев</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belomyttsev</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Юрьевич Беломытцев, д.т.н., профессор кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Belomyttsev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair “Metallography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myubelom@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Александрович Михайлов, главный инженер</p><p>Россия, 108820, Москва, п. Мосрентген, Институтский проезд, 2, офис 181</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Mikhailov, Chief Engineer</p><p>Office 181, 2 Institutskii Drive, Mosrentgen Village, Moscow 108820, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailovma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Козлов, к.т.н, старший научный сотрудник кафедры металловедения и физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Kozlov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Chair “Metal­lography and Physics of Strength”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rostnab.kda@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Михайлович Михайлов, генеральный директор</p><p>Россия, 108820, Москва, п. Мосрентген, Институтский проезд, 2, офис 181</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr M. Mikhailov, General Director</p><p>Office 181, 2 Institutskii Drive, Mosrentgen Village, Moscow 108820, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.alloys@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каравацкий</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karavatskii</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Иванович Каравацкий, студент</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Il’ya I. Karavatskii, Student</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ikaravatskiy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Научно-технический центр «Технологии Специальной Металлургии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC Scientific and Technical Centre “Technologies of Special Metallurgy”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беломытцев М.Ю., Михайлов М.А., Козлов Д.А., Михайлов А.М., Каравацкий И.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беломытцев М.Ю., Михайлов М.А., Козлов Д.А., Михайлов А.М., Каравацкий И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belomyttsev M.Y., Mikhailov M.A., Kozlov D.A., Mikhailov A.M., Karavatskii I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2839">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2839</self-uri><abstract><p>Сплавы системы Cu – Ni – Mn находят применение во многих областях и для некоторых из них (часовое производство, стоматология, точная механика) должны обладать высокой твердостью. Состояние с высокой твердостью достигается двухстадийной термической обработкой – закалкой и последующим старением. Для получения хорошего комплекса эксплуатационных характеристик распад твердого раствора должен идти по механизму непрерывного распада, что можно регулировать дополнительным легированием (например, хромом) и параметрами режима старения. В работе изучено влияние режимов закалки и старения на микротвердость сплава 56ДГНХ. Показано, что закалка от температур 700 – 750 °С обеспечивает бόльшие значения микротвердости, чем закалка от 800 °С. Варьированием температуры и длительности старения найдено, что максимум микротвердости наблюдается при температурах старения 475 – 500 °С. Металлографический анализ показывает, что при этом происходит распад пересыщенного твердого раствора Mn, Ni и Cr в меди на менее пересыщенный твердый раствор и выделение частиц интерметаллида MnNi идет по механизму непрерывного распада. Изменение микротвердости сплава 56ДГНХ в зависимости от времени старения многостадийно. Ее рост при небольших выдержках сменяется последующим снижением при увеличении выдержки с отчетливо выраженным максимумом либо «плато» между этими двумя частями графика. Такой характер зависимости наблюдается при всех температурах старения. Рентгеноструктурный фазовый анализ показывает, что в процессе старения происходит уменьшение концентрации твердого раствора и образование частиц MnNi, период кристалли­ческой решетки которых отличается от периода твердого раствора на 50 пм. Наблюдаемые закономерности изменения микротвердости в процессе старения объяснены с позиций общей теории распада пересыщенных твердых растворов. Максимум прироста микротвердости (до HV 0,5 = 45 кгс/мм2 против HV 0,5 = 130 – 160 кгс/мм2 в закаленном состоянии) достигается при когерентной или полукогерентной границе раздела частиц MnNi и твердого раствора на основе никеля. Это наблюдается после закалки от 750 °С и старения при 475 °С в течение 10 ч.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alloys of the Cu – Ni – Mn system are used in many areas, and for some applications (watchmaking, dentistry, precision mechanics) they must have high hardness. A state of high hardness can be achieved by two-stage heat treatment – quenching and subsequent aging. To obtain a good set of performance characteristics, decomposition of the solid solution must proceed through a continuous mechanism, which can be regulated by additional alloying (for example, chromium) and aging parameters. In this work, we studied the influence of quenching and aging modes on microhardness of 56DGNKh (Cu20Ni20Mn2Cr) alloy. It was shown that quenching from temperatures of 700 – 750 °С provides higher microhardness values ​​than quenching from 800 °С. By varying the temperature and duration of aging, it was found that the maximum microhardness is observed at aging temperatures of 475 – 500 °С. Metallographic analysis shows that in this case, the supersaturated solid solution of Mn, Ni and Cr in copper decomposes into a less supersaturated solid solution and the precipitation of MnNi intermetallic particles occurs according to a conti­nuous mechanism. The change in microhardness of 56DGNKh alloy depending on the aging time is multi-stage: its increase at short exposures is replaced by a subsequent decrease at increasing exposure with a clearly defined maximum or “plateau” between these two parts of the graph, and this type of dependence is observed at all aging temperatures. X-ray diffraction phase analysis shows that during the aging process, concentration of the solid solution decreases and MnNi particles are formed, the crystal lattice period of which differs from the period of the solid solution by 50 pm. The observed patterns of changes in hardness during the aging process are explained from the standpoint of the general theory of decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions. The maximum increase in microhardness (up to 450 kgf/mm2 versus 130 – 160 kgf/mm2 in the state after quenching) is achieved at a coherent or semi-coherent interface between MnNi particles and a Ni-based solid solution. This is observed after quenching from 750 °С and aging at 475 °С for 10 h.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сплавы меди</kwd><kwd>термическая обработка</kwd><kwd>закалка</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>рентгеновский фазовый анализ</kwd><kwd>распад твердых растворов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>copper alloy</kwd><kwd>heat treatment</kwd><kwd>quenching</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>X-ray phase analysis</kwd><kwd>decomposition of solid solution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Молотилов Б.В. Прецизионные сплавы. Москва: Металлургия; 1974:315.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Molotilov B.V. Precision Alloys. Moscow: Metallurgiya; 1974:315. 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