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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2024-4-481-489</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2772</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ  МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы автоматизированного управления технологическим процессом в дуговых сталеплавильных печах в аспекте применения технологии цифровых двойников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Automated process control in electric arc furnaces in the aspect of digital twin technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7840-1088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сивцов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sivtsov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Владиславович Сивцов, д.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории проблем техногенных образований</p><p>Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei V. Sivtsov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Technogenic Formations Problems</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aws2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-826X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шешуков</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheshukov</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Юрьевич Шешуков, д.т.н., главный научный сотрудник, Институт металлургии Уральского отделения РАН; профессор, директор Института новых материалов и технологий, Уральс­кий федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</p><p>Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg Yu. Sheshukov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Chief Researcher, Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Prof., Director of the Institute of New Materials and Technologies, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.j.sheshukov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9833-7191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егиазарьян</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egiazar’yan</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Константинович Егиазарьян, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией, Институт металлургии Уральского отделения РАН; доцент кафедры металлургии железа и сплавов Института новых материалов и технологий, Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</p><p>Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis K. Egiazar’an, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Technogenic Formations Problems, Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Assist. Prof. of the Chair of Metallurgy of Iron and Alloys of the Institute of New Mate­rials and Technologies, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avari@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9570-040X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цымбалист</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsymbalist</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Михайлович Цымбалист, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии восстановительных процессов</p><p>Россия, 620016, Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail M. Tsymbalist, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Pyrometallurgy of Reduction Processes</p><p>101 Amundsena Str., Yekaterinburg 620016, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherknimne@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4616-306X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Петрович Орлов, к.т.н., инженер, старший преподаватель кафедры металлургии железа и сплавов института новых материалов и технологий</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel P. Orlov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Engineer, Senior Lecturer of the Chair of Metallurgy of Iron and Alloys of the Institute of New Materials and Technologies</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.p.orlov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии Уральского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии Уральского отделения РАН; Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>481</fpage><lpage>489</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сивцов А.В., Шешуков О.Ю., Егиазарьян Д.К., Цымбалист М.М., Орлов П.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сивцов А.В., Шешуков О.Ю., Егиазарьян Д.К., Цымбалист М.М., Орлов П.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sivtsov A.V., Sheshukov O.Y., Egiazar’yan D.K., Tsymbalist M.M., Orlov P.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2772">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2772</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе определен и сформулирован подход к управлению основными режимами выплавки стального полупродукта в сверхмощных дуговых сталеплавильных печах (ДСП) с использованием технологии цифровых двойников. Существующие регуляторы мощности не обладают функцией симметрирования полезных мощностей фаз и, соответственно, электрических дуг, так как они ориентированы на работу со средней величиной сигнала. Авторы предлагают использовать анализ динамических характеристик, построен­ных на мгновенных значениях входных параметров вместо действующих, как принято в большинстве реализованных устройств. Это дает возможность получить более точные данные о состоянии столба дуги и снизить количество требуемых времени и вычислительных мощностей на получение результата и формирование рекомендаций. Длительная регистрации данных при работе сверхмощной ДСП-135 показала связь постоянной составляющей напряжения дуги с окисленностью металлического расплава. Приведен пример ее использования в качестве критерия управления окислительной стадией плавки, что позволяет снизить расход электрохимичес­ких датчиков на каждую плавку в случае серийности выплавляемого металла. На основе регистрируемых данных подтверждена возможность своевременного определения неравномерности выделения дуговой мощности между электродами печи и выдачи рекомендаций по регулированию работы газогорелочных устройств для выравнивания скорости осаждения лома у электродов с меньшим выделением мощности. Авторами предложена идея использования цифровых двойников на базе моделей распределения активной мощности по зонам ванны и зависимости окисленности металла от расхода кислорода для контроля и управления электрическим режимом и режимом газового дутья на окислительной стадии процесса. Приведены упрощенные схемы этих двойников.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An approach to managing the main modes of smelting steel in heavy-duty electric arc furnaces (EAF) using digital twin technology was defined and formulated. It was noted, that the existing power regulators do not have the function of balancing the effective power of phases and, accordingly, electric arcs because they are focused on working with a certain average value of the signal. It is proposed to use the analysis of dynamic characteristics based on instantaneous values of input parameters instead of operating ones, as it’s usually implemented in most devices. This allows us to obtain more accurate data on the arc state and reduce the amount of time and computing power required to obtain a result and form recommendations. Based on the data obtained as a result of long - term observations of the heavy-duty EAF-135 operation, the relationship of the constant component of the arc voltage (CCAV) with the metal oxidation is shown. An example of its use as a criterion for controlling the melting oxidative stage is given. This reduces the consumption of electrochemical sensors for each melting in the case of serial metal production. Based on the recorded data, it is possible to timely determine the unevenness of the arc power release between the furnace electrodes and issue recommendations on gas burners operation regulating to equalize the rate of scrap melting at electrodes with less power release. The authors propose the idea of using digital twins based on models of the active power distribution across the melting bath zones and dependence of metal oxidation on oxygen blowing for monitoring and controlling the electric mode and the oxygen blast mode at the oxidative stage of the melting process. Simplified schemes of these twins are given.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дуговая сталеплавильная печь</kwd><kwd>цифровой двойник</kwd><kwd>система управления</kwd><kwd>электрический режим</kwd><kwd>электрическая дуга</kwd><kwd>рафинировочный период</kwd><kwd>постоянная составляющая напряжения дуги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric arc furnace</kwd><kwd>digital twin</kwd><kwd>control system</kwd><kwd>electric mode</kwd><kwd>electric arc</kwd><kwd>refining period</kwd><kwd>constant component of arc voltage</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Института металлургии Уральского отделения РАН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed within the state assignment of the Institute of Metallurgy of the Russian Academy of Sciences.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shvedenko V.N., Mozokhin A.E. 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