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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2024-4-433-439</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2766</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование влияния электродуговой наплавки на структуру и свойства покрытий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of electric arc surfacing on the structure and properties of coatings</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9578-2989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шляхова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyakhova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Витальевна Шляхова, к.т.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 634055, Томск, пр. Академичес­кий, 2/4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Shlyakhova, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Research Associate of the Laboratory of Strength Physics</p><p>2/4 Akademiches­kii Ave., Tomsk 634055, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shgv@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5741-7574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Иванович Данилов, д.ф.-м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории физики прочности</p><p>Россия, 634055, Томск, пр. Академичес­кий, 2/4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Danilov, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Strength Physics</p><p>2/4 Akademiches­kii Ave., Tomsk 634055, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvi@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>439</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шляхова Г.В., Данилов В.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шляхова Г.В., Данилов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shlyakhova G.V., Danilov V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2766">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2766</self-uri><abstract><p>Наплавка, как и сварка, связана с нагревом металлов в широком интервале температур и последующим охлаждением нагретых зон с разными скоростями. Это приводит к сложным структурным и фазовым изменениям, имеющим определяющее значение для эксплуа­тационных свойств соединения защищаемый материал – покрытие. Строение и свойства зоны сплавления этих двух материалов зависят от степени проплавления, характера возникающих промежуточных слоев и диффузии углерода в приграничных участках. При наплавке на низкоуглеродистую сталь, в зависимости от состава наплавляемого металла, в зоне сплавления могут получаться структуры с превалирующим количеством мартенсита или аустенита в зависимости от содержания углерода. В работе исследовали структуру и механические свойства биметаллического соединения углеродистая сталь – нержавеющая сталь в зависимости от режимов электродуговой наплавки (под флюсом за один проход, в аргоне за один и два прохода). Установлено, что структурно-фазовый состав наплавленного металла – аустенит, мелкодисперсные карбиды и игольчатая составляющая. Структура наплавленного в аргоне за один проход слоя является более однородной и не содержит макродефектов. Микротвердость плавно увеличивается по глубине наплавленного слоя. В результате наплавки в аргоне за два прохода соединение имеет однородную микроструктуру, но в слое образуется большое количество микродефектов, которые в дальнейшем могут привести к образованию трещины вблизи границы сплавления. При наплавке под флюсом скорость нагрева и удельное тепловложение недостаточны, поэтому наплавочная ванна плохо перемешивается, что приводит к неоптимальной структуре и формированию термических напряжений на границе сплавления и к формированию неоднородного по структуре и микротвердости покрытия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Surfacing, like welding, is associated with heating metals in a wide range of temperatures and subsequent cooling of heated zones at different rates. This leads to complex structural and phase changes that are crucial for operational properties of the “protected material – coating” joint. The structure and properties of the alloyage zone of these two materials depend on the degree of penetration, nature of the intermediate layers that arise, and carbon diffusion in the boundary areas. When surfacing on low-carbon steel, depending on the composition of the deposited metal, the structures with a predominant amount of martensite or austenite can be obtained in the alloyage zone, depending on carbon content. The structure and mechanical properties of the bimetallic joint between carbon steel and stainless steel were studied depending on the modes of electric arc surfacing (submerged arc surfacing in one pass, in argon for one and two passes). It was established that the structural and phase composition of the deposited metal is austenite, finely dispersed carbides and a needle component. The structure of the layer deposited in argon in one pass is more homogeneous and does not contain defects. The microhardness increases smoothly along the depth of the deposited layer. As a result of surfacing in argon in two passes, the joint has a homogeneous microstructure, but a large number of microdefects are formed in the layer, which can further lead to the formation of a crack near the alloyage boundary. In submerged surfacing, the heating rate and specific heat input are insufficient, therefore, the surfacing bath is poorly mixed, which leads to a suboptimal structure and the formation of thermal stresses at the alloyage boundary and to the formation of a coating that is heterogeneous in structure and microhardness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электродуговая наплавка</kwd><kwd>проволока</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd><kwd>дефекты</kwd><kwd>мартенсит</kwd><kwd>видманштетт</kwd><kwd>скан-изображения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric arc welding</kwd><kwd>wire</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd><kwd>defects</kwd><kwd>martensite</kwd><kwd>widmanstatten structure</kwd><kwd>scanned images</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в соответствии с государственным заданием Института физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения РАН, тема номер FWRW-2021-0011.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed in accordance with the state assignment of the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, subject no. 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