blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2024-3-303-310blackmet-2733Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕMATERIAL SCIENCEВлияние термообработки на структуру аустенитной стали 07Х25Н13, полученной методом аддитивного выращивания WAAMEffect of heat treatment on structure of austenitic steel 07Cr25Ni13 obtained by WAAMАносовМ. С.AnosovM. S.

Максим Сергеевич Аносов, к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Технология и оборудование машиностроения»

Россия, 603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24

Maksim S. Anosov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Techno­logy and Equipment Engineering”

24 Minina Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russian Federation

anosov-maksim@list.ruСорокинаС. А.SorokinaS. A.

Светлана Александровна Сорокина, к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Материаловедение, технологии материалов и термическая обработка металлов»

Россия, 603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24

Svetlana A. Sorokina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Materials Science, Technology of Materials and Heat Treatment of Metals”

24 Minina Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russian Federation

rihhi@yandex.ruЧернигинМ. А.CherniginM. A.

Михаил Алексеевич Чернигин, аспирант кафедры «Технология и оборудование машиностроения»

Россия, 603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24

Mikhail A. Chernigin, Postgraduate of the Chair “Technology and Equipment Engineering”

24 Minina Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russian Federation

honeybadger52@yandex.ruМордовинаЮ. С.MordovinaYu. S.

Юлия Сергеевна Мордовина, инженер кафедры «Технология и оборудование машиностроения»

Россия, 603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24

Yuliya S. Mordovina, Engineer of the Chair “Technology and Equipment Engineering”, Postgraduate

24 Minina Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russian Federation

ips4@nntu.ruНижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. АлексееваРоссияR.E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202416062024673303310Copyright © Аносов М.С., Сорокина С.А., Чернигин М.А., Мордовина Ю.С., 20242024Аносов М.С., Сорокина С.А., Чернигин М.А., Мордовина Ю.С.Anosov M.S., Sorokina S.A., Chernigin M.A., Mordovina Y.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2733

В настоящее время все более перспективным является применение аддитивных технологий в промышленности. Интенсификация развития 3D-технологий приводит к необходимости более тщательного изучения структуры и свойств металлов, получаемых данным методом. В работе рассматривается влияние термообработки (ТО) на структуру наплавляемого методом электродуговой наплавки (WAAM) металла. Изучено влияние закалки при различных температурах и отжига на структуру аустенитной стали 07Х25Н13. Установлено, что при наплавке металла происходит кристаллизация по типу ФА с образованием грубой дендритной структуры со скелетной и вермикулярной морфологией и состоящей из δ- и σ-фаз. Закалка при температуре 1070 ℃ практически не изменяет структуру металла. При повышенных температурах (1100 ℃) закалка приводит к частичному растворению и сфероидизации выделившихся при наплавке дендритов, однако кардинальных структурных изменений не происходит. Наиболее полное растворение дендритной составляющей происходит во время закалки при температуре 1150 ℃. Структура после данной ТО преимущественно аустенитная, остатки дендритной составляющей представлены мелкими сферическими включениями. Структура стали после отжига (1150 ℃) практически не отличается от получаемой после закалки при той же температуре. Значительного увеличения размера зерен, характерного для аустенитных сталей, в данном случае не наблюдается. Исходя из структуры, получаемой после ТО, наиболее перспективными для будущих физико-механических свойств вариантами обработки являются закалка и отжиг при температуре 1150 ℃.

Currently, the use of additive technologies in industry is becoming more promising. The intensification of development of 3D technologies leads to the need for a more thorough study of the structure and properties of metals obtained by this method. In this paper, the effect of heat treatment on structure of the metal deposited by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is considered. The paper describes the effect of quenching at various temperatures and annealing on the structure of austenitic steel 07Cr25Ni13. As a result of the work, it was found that during metal deposition, crystallization occurs according to the FA type with the formation of a coarse dendritic structure with mainly skeletal and vermicular morphology, consisting of δ- and σ-phases. It is noted that quenching at 1070 ℃ practically does not change the metal structure. Despite the fact that quenching at elevated temperatures (1100 ℃) leads to partial dissolution and spheroidization of the dendrites released during surfacing, there are no cardinal structural changes. The most complete dissolution of the dendritic component occurs during quenching at 1150 ℃. The structure after this procedure is predominantly austenitic, remains of the dendritic component are represented by small spherical inclusions. The steel structure after annealing (1150 ℃) practically does not differ from the structure obtained after quenching at the same temperature. A significant increase in grain size, typical for austenitic steels, is not observed in this case. Based on the structure obtained after heat treatment, the most promising treatment options for future physico-mechanical properties are quenching and annealing at 1150 ℃.

аустенитная сталь 07Х25Н13аддитивные технологииWAAMструктурообразование сталиδ-ферритзакалкаотжигaustenitic steel 07Cr25Ni13additive technologiesWAAMsteel structure formationδ-ferritequenchingannealingИсследование выполнено при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-79-00095 «Разработка научно-технологических основ структурообразования конструкционных материалов, полученных путем аддитивного электродугового выращивания для формирования механических свойств при усталости с использованием подходов искусственного интеллекта».The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-79-00095 “Development of scientific and technological foundations for structure formation of structural materials obtained by additive electric arc manufacturing for the mechanical properties formation during fatigue using artificial intelligence approaches”.ReferencesЧернигин М.А., Сорокина С.А., Воробьев Р.А. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.