blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2024-3-283-292blackmet-2731Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕMATERIAL SCIENCEПути улучшения свойств ВЭС Cantor CoCrFeNiMn и CoCrFeNiAlWays to improve the properties of high-entropy alloys Cantor CoCrFeNiMn and CoCrFeNiAlhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5343ГромовВ. Е.GromovV. E.

Виктор Евгеньевич Громов, д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля

Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Viktor E. Gromov, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Scien­ce named after V.M. Finkel’

42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation

gromov@physics.sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-8660КоноваловС. В.KonovalovS. V.

Сергей Валерьевич Коновалов, д.т.н., профессор, проректор по научной и инновационной деятельности

Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Sergei V. Konovalov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation

42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation

konovserg@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-3730ЕфимовМ. О.EfimovM. O.

Михаил Олегович Ефимов, соискатель степени к.т.н. кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля

Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Mikhail O. Efimov, Candidates for a degree of Cand. Sci. (Eng.) of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’

42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation

moefimov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1631-9644ПанченкоИ. А.PanchenkoI. A.

Ирина Алексеевна Панченко, к.т.н., заведующий лабораторией электронной микроскопии и обработки изображений

Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Irina A. Panchenko, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Image Processing

42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation

i.r.i.ss@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8130-648XШляровВ. В.ShlyarovV. V.

Виталий Владиславович Шляров, аспирант кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля, научный сотрудник лаборатории электронной микроскопии и обработки изображений

Россия, 654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Vitaly V. Shlyarov, Postgraduate of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’, Research Associate of the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Image Processing

42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass 654007, Russian Federation

shlyarov@mail.ruСибирский государственный индустриальный университетРоссияSiberian State Industrial UniversityRussian Federation202416062024673283292Copyright © Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Ефимов М.О., Панченко И.А., Шляров В.В., 20242024Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Ефимов М.О., Панченко И.А., Шляров В.В.Gromov V.E., Konovalov S.V., Efimov M.O., Panchenko I.A., Shlyarov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2731

Созданные одними из первых и исследованные более 20 лет назад высокоэнтропийные пятикомпонентные сплавы CoCrFeNiMn (сплав Cantor) и CoCrFeNiAl по-прежнему привлекают внимание исследователей в области физического материаловедения из-за возможности их применения в различных отраслях промышленности благодаря удачному сочетанию прочностных и пластических свойств. К настоящему времени накоплен большой экспериментальный материал по управлению свойствами этих сплавов. В настоящей работе выполнен обзор публикаций отечественных и зарубежных авторов по двум направлениям улучшения свойств этих сплавов: легированием, выделениями и термообработкой и использованием фазовых диаграмм CALPHAD. По первому направлению проанализирована роль легирования бором, алюминием, ванадием, кремнием, ниобием; γ- и γ′-нановыделениями, различными режимами термической и деформационной обработки. Сделан вывод о необходимости проведения экспериментов по легированию ВЭС Zr и Nb, хорошо зарекомендовавших себя в упрочнении сталей. Создание и модифицирование свойств пятикомпонентных ВЭС возможно при использовании компьютерных программ CALPHAD, разработанных для расчета диаграмм состояния. Проанализированные в статье результаты публикаций по термодинамическому описанию пятикомпонентных сплавов подтверждены сравнением фазовых диаграмм с имеющимися экспериментальными данными. В одной из анализируемых работ по фазообразованию пятикомпонентных состоящих из Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Al, Mn, Cu ВЭС рассмотрено 2436 композиций, позволивших определить 1761 вариант надежного прогнозирования образования ОЦК/В2 и ГЦК фаз, минуя аморфные фазы и интерметаллиды, тем самым конструируя определенный уровень механических свойств. Показано, что на основе расчета фазовых диаграмм CALPHAD возможен дизайн нового поколения ВЭС.

Created one of the first and studied more than 20 years ago, high-entropy five-component alloys CoCrFeNiMn (Cantor alloy) and CoCrFeNiAl still attract the attention of researchers in the field of physical materials science due to their possible application in various industries because of their successful combination of strength and plastic properties. To date, a large amount of experimental materials has been accumulated on the ways to control the properties of these alloys. This article reviews the publications of domestic and foreign authors in two areas of improving the properties of these alloys: alloying, precipitation and heat treatment, and the use of CALPHAD phase diagrams. In the first direction, the role of alloying with B, Al, V, Si, Nb is analyzed; γ and γ′ nanoprecipitations, various modes of thermal and deformation processing. It was concluded that it is necessary to conduct experiments on the alloying of HEAs with Zr and Nb, which have proven themselves well in hardening steels. Creation and modification of the properties of five-component HEAs is possible using the CALPHAD computer programs developed for calculating state diagrams. The results of publications on the thermodynamic description of five-component alloys analyzed in the article are confirmed by comparing the phase diagrams with the available experimental data. In one of the analyzed works on the phase formation of five-component HEAs consisting of Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Al, Mn, Cu, 2436 compositions were considered, which made it possible to determine 1761 variants of reliab­le prediction of the formation of bcc/B2 and fcc phases, bypassing amorphous phases and intermetallic compounds, thereby designing a certain level of mechanical properties. It is shown that the design of a new generation of HEAs is possible based on calculation of the CALPHAD phase diagrams.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.