<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2023-4-415-420</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2577</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние зоны кольцевой выборки в теплоизолирующей вставке на эффективность ее работы в дутьевом канале воздушной фурмы доменной печи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of ring groove in a heat-insulating insert on efficiency of its work in blast channel of blast furnace tuyere</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-7378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Албул</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Albul</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Валерьевич Албул, старший преподаватель кафедры «Инжиниринг технологического оборудования»</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei V. Albul, Senior Lecturer of the Chair “Engineering of Technological Equipment”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">albul@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобелев</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobelev</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Анатольевич Кобелев, д.т.н., профессор, Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС», главный специалист ГК «РОСАТОМ», Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения, ОАО НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ»</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p><p>Росси­я, 115088, Москва, Шарикоподшипниковская ул., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Kobelev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Chief Specialist of State Corporation “ROSATOM”, JSC Russian State Research Center “CNIITMASH”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p><p>4 Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Str., Moscow 115088, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oakobelev@cniitmash.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3628</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левицкий</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levitskii</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Анисимович Левицкий, к.т.н., доцент кафедры энергоэффективных и ресурсосберегающих промышленных технологий</p><p>Россия, 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor’ A. Levitskii, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Energy-Efficient and Resource-Saving Industrial Technologies”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lewwwis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»; Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения, ОАО НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; JSC Russian State Research Center “CNIITMASH”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>415</fpage><lpage>420</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Албул С.В., Кобелев О.А., Левицкий И.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Албул С.В., Кобелев О.А., Левицкий И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Albul S.V., Kobelev O.A., Levitskii I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2577">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2577</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из основных недостатков при подаче природного газа в воздушную фурму доменной печи является низкая интенсивность его горения внутри дутьевого канала фурмы. Известно, что кольцевая выборка на поверхности дутьевого канала улучшает смешивание природного газа с дутьем и увеличивает полноту сгорания газа в нем, однако снижает стойкость фурмы. Одним из способов одновременного решения этих проблем является установка в дутьевой канал фурмы теплоизолирующей керамической вставки. Вставка значительно снижает тепловые потери через поверхность фурмы, улучшает горение природного газа в дутьевом канале за счет его контакта с горячими стенками вставки вместо холодных медных стенок при ее отсутствии, что увеличивает температуру горячего дутья на выходе из фурмы. Кроме того, вставка оказывает влияние на стойкость фурмы за счет снижения теплового потока, действующего на фурму. В данном исследовании изучено влияние кольцевой выборки и ее частей во вставке на эффективность ее работы. В среде Ansys 21.1 моделировали процессы, происходящие в дутьевом канале фурмы доменной печи с установленной в него керамической вставкой, имеющей выборку четырехугольного сечения в форме кольца или его части в окружном направлении. Установлено, что улучшение горения природного газа в дутьевом канале фурмы достигается с использованием кольцевой выборки или ее части со стороны подачи газа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the main disadvantages when supplying natural gas to the air tuyere of a blast furnace is low intensity of its combustion inside the tuyere blast channel. Ring groove on the surface of blast channel improves the mixing of natural gas with blast and increases completeness of gas combustion in it, but reduces the tuyere durability. One of the ways to simultaneously solve these problems is to install a heat-insulating ceramic insert in the tuyere blast channel. The insert significantly reduces heat losses through the tuyere surface, improves natural gas combustion in the blast channel due to its contact with hot walls of the insert instead of cold copper walls in its absence. This increases the temperature of the hot blast at the tuyere outlet. In addition, the insert affects the tuyere durability by reducing the heat flow acting on the tuyere. In this work, we studied influence of the ring groove and its parts in the insert on efficiency of its work. In the Ansys 21.1 software, the processes occurring in the blast channel of a blast furnace tuyere with a ceramic insert installed in it, having a groove of a quadrangular section in the form of a ring or its part in the circumferential direction, were simulated. It was established that improvement of natural gas combustion in the tuyere blast channel is achieved using a ring groove or part of it from the side of gas supply.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доменная печь</kwd><kwd>воздушная фурма</kwd><kwd>дутьевой канал</kwd><kwd>керамическая вставка</kwd><kwd>кольцевая выборка</kwd><kwd>моделирование в Ansys</kwd><kwd>теплообмен</kwd><kwd>горение природного газа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blast furnace</kwd><kwd>air tuyere</kwd><kwd>blast channel</kwd><kwd>ceramic insert</kwd><kwd>ring groove</kwd><kwd>Ansys modeling</kwd><kwd>heat transfer</kwd><kwd>natural gas combustion</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность проф. Радюк А.Г. за консультацию по возможности использования выборки в керамической вставке для повышения эффективности её применения в воздушной фурме доменной печи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to Prof. Radyuk A.G. for his advice on the possibility of using a groove in a ceramic insert to increase the efficiency of its use in air tuyere of blast furnace.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Радюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е., Скрипаленко М.М. Моделирование температурного поля воздушных фурм доменных печей с помощью Deform 2D. Металлург. 2016;10:14–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Skripalenko M.M. Modeling of the temperature field of blast furnace tuyeres using Deform-2D software. Metallurgist. 2017;60(9–10):1011–1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-017-0400-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Filatov S., Kurunov I., Tihonov D. Reserves for rising the efficiency of blast furnace process. Proceedings of 7th European Coke and Ironmaking Congress – ECIC. 2016;184–191.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filatov S., Kurunov I., Tihonov D. Reserves for rising the efficiency of blast furnace process. Proceedings of 7th European Coke and Ironmaking Congress – ECIC. 2016;184–191.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peacey J.G., Davenport W.G. The Iron Blast Furnace: Theo­ry and Practice. Pergamon; 1989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peacey J.G., Davenport W.G. The Iron Blast Furnace: Theo­ry and Practice. Pergamon; 1989.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Majeski A., Runstedtler A., D’Alessio J., Macfadyen N. Injection of pulverized coal and natural gas into blast furnaces for iron-making: Lance positioning and design. ISIJ International. 2015;55(7):1377–1383. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.55.1377</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Majeski A., Runstedtler A., D’Alessio J., Macfadyen N. Injection of pulverized coal and natural gas into blast furnaces for iron-making: Lance positioning and design. ISIJ International. 2015;55(7):1377–1383. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.55.1377</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silaen A.K., Okosun T., Chen Y., Wu B., Zhao J., Zhao Y., D’Alessio J., Capo J., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of high rate natural gas injection through various lance designs in a blast furnace. Iron and Steel Technology. 2015;1(3):1536–1549.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silaen A.K., Okosun T., Chen Y., Wu B., Zhao J., Zhao Y., D’Alessio J., Capo J., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of high rate natural gas injection through various lance designs in a blast furnace. Iron and Steel Technology. 2015;1(3):1536–1549.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okosun T., Street S., Chen Y., Zhao J., Wu B., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of co-injection of natural gas and pulverized coal in a blast furnace. Proceedings of the AISTech 2015. 2015;1581–1594.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okosun T., Street S., Chen Y., Zhao J., Wu B., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of co-injection of natural gas and pulverized coal in a blast furnace. Proceedings of the AISTech 2015. 2015;1581–1594.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murao A., Fukada K., Matsuno H., Sato M., Akaotsu S., Saito Y., Matsushita Y., Aoki H. Effect of natural gas injection point on combustion and gasification efficiency of pulverized coal under blast furnace condition. Tetsu-to-Hagane. 2018;104(5):243–252. https://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2017-087</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murao A., Fukada K., Matsuno H., Sato M., Akaotsu S., Saito Y., Matsushita Y., Aoki H. Effect of natural gas injection point on combustion and gasification efficiency of pulverized coal under blast furnace condition. Tetsu-to-Hagane. 2018;104(5):243–252. https://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2017-087</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ueki Y., Yoshiie R., Naruse I., Matsuzaki S. Effect of hydrogen gas addition on combustion characteristics of pulve­rized coal. Fuel Processing Technology. 2017;161:289–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.02.034</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ueki Y., Yoshiie R., Naruse I., Matsuzaki S. Effect of hydrogen gas addition on combustion characteristics of pulve­rized coal. Fuel Processing Technology. 2017;161:289–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.02.034</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shen Y., Zhou Y., Zhu T., Duan G. Thermotechnical performance of an air-cooled tuyere with air cooling channels in series. Heat and Mass Transfer. 2017;53(1):81–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1801-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shen Y., Zhou Y., Zhu T., Duan G. Thermotechnical performance of an air-cooled tuyere with air cooling channels in series. Heat and Mass Transfer. 2017;53(1):81–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1801-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pistorius P.C. Technical and economic evaluation of top gas recycling blast furnace ironmaking. Proceedings of the Fray Int. Symp., 27 November - 1 December 2011, Cancun, Mexico. 2011;5:223-232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pistorius P.C. Technical and economic evaluation of top gas recycling blast furnace ironmaking. Proceedings of the Fray Int. Symp., 27 November - 1 December 2011, Cancun, Mexico. 2011;5:223-232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филатов С.В., Курунов И.Ф., Грачев С.Н. и др. Доменное производство НЛМК: традиции, инновации, развитие. Черная металлургия. Бюллетень научно-технической и экономической информации. 2014;(10):30–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filatov S.V., Kurunov I.F., Grachev S.N., etc. Blast furnace production at NLMK: Traditions, innovations, development Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific, Technical and Economic Information. 2014;(10):30–34. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jampani M. Increased use of natural gas in blast furnace iron-making: Ph.D. Thesis. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University; 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jampani M. Increased use of natural gas in blast furnace iron-making: Ph.D. Thesis. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University; 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu X., Tang G., Silaen A.K., Street S.J., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of heat transfer phenomena in blast furnace tuyere/blowpipe region. ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conf. 2017:HT2017-4961. https://doi.org/10.1115/HT2017-4961</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu X., Tang G., Silaen A.K., Street S.J., Zhou C.Q. Investigation of heat transfer phenomena in blast furnace tuyere/blowpipe region. ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conf. 2017:HT2017-4961. https://doi.org/10.1115/HT2017-4961</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou Z., Wang G. Effect of recycled gas temperature on coal combustion in oxygen blast furnace. Proceedings of the 2017 6th Int. Conf. on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2017), AER-Advances in Engineering Research. 2017;143:1076–1079. https://doi.org/10.2991/iceep-17.2017.186</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou Z., Wang G. Effect of recycled gas temperature on coal combustion in oxygen blast furnace. Proceedings of the 2017 6th Int. Conf. on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2017), AER-Advances in Engineering Research. 2017;143:1076–1079. https://doi.org/10.2991/iceep-17.2017.186</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pistorius P.C., Gibson J., Jampani M. Natural gas utilization in blast furnace ironmaking: tuyere injection, shaft injection and prereduction. In: Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies. Wang S., Free M., Alam S., Zhang M., Taylor P. eds. The Minerals, Metals &amp; Materials Series. Springer, Cham; 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51091-0_26</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pistorius P.C., Gibson J., Jampani M. Natural gas utilization in blast furnace ironmaking: tuyere injection, shaft injection and prereduction. In: Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies. Wang S., Free M., Alam S., Zhang M., Taylor P. eds. The Minerals, Metals &amp; Materials Series. Springer, Cham; 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51091-0_26</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wojewodka M.J., Keith J.P., Horvath S.D., Alter M.A., McGovern C.C. Natural gas injection maximization on C and D blast furnaces at ArcelorMittal Burns Harbor. Proceedings of Iron &amp; Steel Technology Conf. AISTech, 5-8 May 2014, Indianapolis, Indiana U.S.A. 2014;767-780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wojewodka M.J., Keith J.P., Horvath S.D., Alter M.A., McGovern C.C. Natural gas injection maximization on C and D blast furnaces at ArcelorMittal Burns Harbor. Proceedings of Iron &amp; Steel Technology Conf. AISTech, 5-8 May 2014, Indianapolis, Indiana U.S.A. 2014;767-780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. 2191830 РФ, С21В7/16. Воздушная фурма доменной печи / Логинов В.Н., Нетронин В.И., Шатлов В.А. и др. № 2001129265/02; заявл. 30.10.01, опубл. 27.10.02; Бюл. № 30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loginov V.N., Netronin V.I., Shatlov V.A., etc. Air tuyere of a blast furnace. Patent RF no. 2191830 RF, S21V7/16; no. 2001129265/02. Byulleten’ izobretenii. 2002;(30). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левицкий И.А., Радюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е., Сидорова Т.Ю. Влияние способа подачи природного газа на газодинамику и теплообмен в воздушной фурме доменной печи. Известия вузов. Черная металлургия. 2018;61(5):357–363. https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-5-357-363</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levitskii I.A., Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Sidorova T.Yu. Influence of the method of natural gas supplying on gas dynamics and heat transfer in air tuyere of blast furnace. Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy. 2018;61(5):357–363. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-5-357-363</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. 2245373 РФ, С21В7/16. Дутьевая фурма доменной печи / Логинов В.Н., Суханов М.Ю., Ухов А.Д. и др. № 2003111093/02; заявл. 17.04.03, опубл. 27.01.05; Бюл. № 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loginov V.N., Sukhanov M.Yu., Ukhov A.D., etc. Blowing tuyere of a blast furnace. Patent RF no. 2245373 RF, S21V7/16; no. 2003111093/02. Byulleten’ izobretenii. 2005;(3). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горбатюк С.М., Тарасов Ю.С., Левицкий И.А., Ра­­дюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е. Влияние керамической вставки с завихрителем на газодинамику и теплообмен в воздушной фурме доменной печи. Известия вузов. Черная металлургия. 2019;62(5):337–344. https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-5-337-344</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorbatyuk S.M., Tarasov Yu.S., Levitskii I.A., Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E. Effect of a ceramic insert with swirler on gas dynamics and heat exchange in a blast furnace tuyere. Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy. 2019;62(5):337-344. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-5-337-344</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. 2449022 РФ, С21В7/16. Способ охлаждения фурмы воздушного дутья и подачи природного газа в доменную печь и устройство для его осуществления / Зайнуллин Л.А., Филатов С.В., Кушнарев А.В. и др. № 2010123224/02; заявл. 07.06.10, опубл. 20.12.11; Бюл. № 35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zainullin L.A., Filatov S.V., Kushnarev A.V., etc. Method of air blast tuyere cooling and supply of natural gas to a blast furnace and device for its implementation. Patent RF no. 2449022 RF, S21V7/16; no. 2010123224/02. Byulleten’ izobretenii. 2011;(35). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jampani M., Gibson J., Pistorius P.C. Increased use of natural gas in blast furnace ironmaking: Mass and energy balance calculations. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. 2019;50:1290–1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-019-01538-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jampani M., Gibson J., Pistorius P.C. Increased use of natural gas in blast furnace ironmaking: Mass and energy balance calculations. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. 2019;50:1290–1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-019-01538-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. 2280698 РФ, С21В7/16. Воздушная фурма доменной печи / Мокринский А.В., Шатлов В.А., Юрьев А.Б. и др. № 2005104595/02; заявл. 21.02.05, опубл. 27.07.06; Бюл. № 21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokrinskii A.V., Shatlov V.A., Yur’ev A.B., etc. Blast furnace air tuyere. Patent RF no. 2280698 RF, S21V7/16; no. 2005104595/02. Byulleten’ izobretenii. 2006;(21). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">А.с. 517638 СССР, С21В7/16. Фурма доменной печи / Михайлов А.А., Ширшов С.Я., Чернобривец Б.Ф. и др. № 2103522; заявл. 10.02.75, опубл. 15.06.76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhailov A.A., Shirshov S.YA., Chernobrivets B.F. Blast furnace air tuyere. Certificate of authorship USSR no. 517638 СССР, С21В7/16. Publ. 15.06.76.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">А.с. 910769 СССР, С21В7/16. Дутьевая фурма доменной печи / Гиммельфарб А.А., Медведев Н.М., Джусов А.Б. и др. № 2956367; заявл. 21.07.80, опубл. 07.03.82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gimmel’farb A.A., Medvedev N.M., Dzhusov A.B., etc. Blast furnace air tuyere. Certificate of authorship USSR no. 910769 СССР, С21В7/16. Publ. 07.03.82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Yakoev A.G., Pedos S.I. Improvement in service life of blast furnace tuyeres due to gas thermal spraying. Stal’. 2002;(6):11–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Yakoev A.G., Pedos S.I. Improvement in service life of blast furnace tuyeres due to gas thermal spraying. Stal’. 2002;(6):11–12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кириллова Н.Л., Радюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е. Снижение тепловых потерь через поверхность воздушных фурм доменных печей. Металлург. 2013;(10):28–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirillova N.L., Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Reducing heat loss through the surface of blast-furnace tuyeres. Metallurgist. 2014;57(9–10):878–882. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-014-9816-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Виноградов Е.Н., Радюк А.Г., Волков Е.А., Теребов А.Л., Сидорова Т.Ю. Снижение тепловых потерь через воздушную фурму доменной печи. Сталь. 2019;(11):9–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinogradov E.N., Radyuk A.G., Volkov E.A., Terebov A.L., Sidorova T.Yu. Reducing heat losses through blast furnace tuyeres. Steel in Translation. 2019;49(11):778–782. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091219110160</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасов Ю.С., Скрипаленко М.М., Радюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е. Моделирование теплового и напряженно-деформированного состояния воздушных фурм доменных печей. Металлург. 2018;(11):9–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasov Yu.S., Skripalenko M.M., Radyuk A.G., Titlya­nov A.E. Computer simulation of thermal and stress–strain state of blast furnace tuyeres. Metallurgist. 2019;62(11–12): 1083–1091. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-019-00760-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайнуллин Л.А., Епишин А.Ю., Спирин Н.А. Повышение стойкости воздушных фурм доменных печей. Металлург. 2018;(4):26–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zainullin L.A., Epishin A.Y., Spirin N.A. Extending the life of blast-furnace air tuyeres. Metallurgist. 2018;62(3-4):322–325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-018-0663-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Радюк А.Г., Титлянов А.Е., Сидорова Т.Ю. Влияние шликерного покрытия на стойкость теплоизолирующей вставки в воздушной фурме доменной печи. Металлург. 2019;(11):21–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Sidorova T.Yu. Effect of slurry coating on the resistance of thermal insulation insert in blast furnace air tuyere. Metallurgist. 2020;63(11–12):1153–1159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-020-00935-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fu D., Tang G., Zhao Y., D’Alessio J., Zhou C.Q. Integration of tuyere, raceway and shaft models for predicting blast furnace process. JOM. 2018;70(6):951–957. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2614-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fu D., Tang G., Zhao Y., D’Alessio J., Zhou C.Q. Integration of tuyere, raceway and shaft models for predicting blast furnace process. JOM. 2018;70(6):951–957. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2614-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dong Z., Wang J., Zuo H., She X., Xue Q. Analysis of gas-solid flow and shaft-injected gas distribution in an oxygen blast furnace using a discrete element method and computational fluid dynamics coupled model. Particuology. 2017;32:63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2016.07.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dong Z., Wang J., Zuo H., She X., Xue Q. Analysis of gas-solid flow and shaft-injected gas distribution in an oxygen blast furnace using a discrete element method and computational fluid dynamics coupled model. Particuology. 2017;32:63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2016.07.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Sidorova T.Y. Thermal state of air tuyeres in blast furnaces. Steel in Translation. 2016;46(9):624–628. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091216090084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radyuk A.G., Titlyanov A.E., Sidorova T.Y. Thermal state of air tuyeres in blast furnaces. Steel in Translation. 2016;46(9): 624–628. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091216090084</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeh C.P., Du S.W., Tsai C.H., Yang R.J. Numerical analysis of flow and combustion behavior in tuyere and raceway of blast furnace fueled with pulverized coal and recycled top gas. Proceedings of the ICE – Energy. 2012;42(1):233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeh C.P., Du S.W., Tsai C.H., Yang R.J. Numerical analysis of flow and combustion behavior in tuyere and raceway of blast furnace fueled with pulverized coal and recycled top gas. Proceedings of the ICE – Energy. 2012;42(1):233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Fu D., Zhou C.Q. Numerical simulation of the co-injection of natural gas and pulverized coal in blast furnace. Proceedings of the AISTech 2013. 2013;573–580. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2948.2967</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Fu D., Zhou C.Q. Numerical simulation of the co-injection of natural gas and pulverized coal in blast furnace. Proceedings of the AISTech 2013. 2013;573–580. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2948.2967</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
