blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2023-2-177-183blackmet-2510Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕMATERIAL SCIENCEСтруктурная организация и свойства поверхностных слоев твердых сплавов системы WC – Со после импульсной лазерной обработкиStructural organization and properties of surface layers of WC–Co hard alloys after pulsed laser processingБроверГ. И.BroverG. I.

Галина Ивановна Бровер, д.т.н., профессор кафедры «Физическое и прикладное материаловедение»

Россия, 344002, Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Galina I. Brover, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair “Physical and Applied Material Science”

1 Gagarin Sqr, Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation

brover@mail.ruЩербаковаЕ. Е.ShcherbakovaE. E.

Елена Евгеньевна Щербакова, к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Физичес­кое и прикладное материаловедение»

Россия, 344002, Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Elena E. Shcherbakova, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Physical and Applied Material Science”

1 Gagarin Sqr, Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation

sherbakovaee@mail.ruДонской государственный технический университетРоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202306062023662177183Copyright © Бровер Г.И., Щербакова Е.Е., 20232023Бровер Г.И., Щербакова Е.Е.Brover G.I., Shcherbakova E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2510

Приведены результаты металлофизических исследований эффектов структурообразования в поверхностных слоях твердых сплавов системы WC – Со при экстремальном термодеформационном воздействии импульсного лазерного излучения. Структурная организация и свойства твердых сплавов ВК6, ВК8, ВК10 при обработке с плотностью мощности излучения 175 МВт/м2 определяются состоянием зон, формирующихся вокруг включений карбидов вследствие появления на границах композиции карбид – связка напряжений разного рода, в том числе термострикционных и фазовых. Результатом является растворение пограничных зон карбидов за счет контактного плавления, что сопровождается взаимным массопереносом атомов на границах в системе карбид – связка с возможным формированием тонкой супертвердой оболочки. Эти процессы позволяют создавать в твердых сплавах композиции с набором дифференцированных свойств, задаваемых варьируемыми параметрами процесса лазерной обработки и составом исходных материалов. Показано, что после лазерного легирования с плотностью мощности излучения 200 МВт/м2 появляющиеся в поверхностных слоях твердых сплавов с покрытиями (кобальтовыми, никелевыми) температурные градиенты и термические напряжения способствуют конвективному перемешиванию расплавленных компонентов покрытий и их проникновению в твердый сплав на глубину более 20 мкм. Одновременно, несмотря на чрезвычайно малое время лазерного импульса (10–3 с), в облученных зонах возможен массоперенос атомов вольфрама, углерода, титана от подплавленных пограничных зон карбидов в прилежащие зоны связки с их упрочнением. После высокотемпературного лазерного нагрева карбиды, в отличие от исходных, приобретают глобулярную форму зерен, происходит их диспергирование, в пограничных со связкой локальных зонах изменяются стехиометрические характеристики (формируется сложный карбид CохWyCz ). В результате перечисленных процессов повышается вязкость поверхностных слоев твердых сплавов и работоспособность облученных изделий. По сравнению с необлученными образцами твердого сплава прочность повышается на 15 %, вязкость и долговечность – на 30 – 40 %.

The article presents the metal-physical studies results of the structure formation effects in surface layers in the hard alloys of the WC–Co system under extreme thermal and deformation effects of pulsed laser radiation. It is shown that the structural organization and properties of hard alloys VK6, VK8, VK10 upon radiation treatment with a power density of 175 MW/m2 are determined by state of the zones which are formed around carbide inclusions due to the various kinds of stresses appearance at the “carbide-bond” composition boundaries, including thermostrictive and phase stresses. The result is dissolution of the carbides boundary zones due to contact melting, which is accompanied by mutual mass transfer of atoms at the boundaries in the “carbide-bond” system with the possible formation of a thin amorphous-like super hard shell. These processes make it possible to create compositions in hard alloys with a set of differentiated properties specified by varying the laser treatment process parameters and composition of the starting materials. After laser alloying with a radiation power density of 200 MW/m2, temperature gradients and thermal stresses appearing in the surface layers of hard alloys with coatings (cobalt, nickel) contribute to convective mixing of the molten coating components and their penetration into the hard alloy to a depth of more than 20 μm. Simultaneously, despite the extremely short laser pulse time (10–3 s), mass transfer of tungsten, carbon and titanium atoms from the melted boundary zones of carbides to the adjacent bond zones with their hardening is possible in the irradiated zones. It was established that after high-temperature laser heating, carbides, in contrast to the initial ones, achieve a globular shape of grains. They are dispersed, and stoichiometric characteristics change in the local zones bordering the bond (the complex type carbide CoxWyCz is formed). As a result, due to these processes, the surface layers’ viscosity of hard alloys and the irradiated products performance increase. Compared to non-irradiated samples of hard alloy, the ultimate strength increases by 15 %, strength and durability – by 30 – 40 %.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.