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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2023-1-8-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обзор исследований коррозионностойких сталей на основе Fe – ~13 % Cr: термическая обработка, коррозионная- и износостойкость</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Corrosion-resistant steels based on Fe – ~13 % Cr: Heat treatment, corrosion- and wear resistance. Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Владимировна Костина, д.т.н., доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией физикохимии и механики металлических материалов</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya V. Kostina, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory “Physicochemistry and Mechanics of Metallic Mate­rials”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvk@imet.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ригина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rigina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Георгиевна Ригина, к.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН; Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения, ОАО НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ»</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p><p>Россия, 115088, Москва, Шарикоподшипниковская ул., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila G. Rigina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences; JSC Russian State Research Center “CNIITMASH”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p><p>4 Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Str., Moscow 115088, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">LGRigina@cniitmash.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7956-499X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Сергеевна Костина, к.т.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физикохимии и механики металлических материалов</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina S. Kostina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Junior Researcher of the Laboratory “Physicochemistry and Mechanics of Metallic Materials”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vskostina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудряшов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryashov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Эдуардович Кудряшов, инженер-исследователь</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr E. Kudryashov, Research Engineer</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al.kudriashov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5359-1161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорцов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedortsov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руслан Сергеевич Федорцов, инженер-исследователь</p><p>Россия, 119991, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan S. Fedortsov, Research Engineer</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvk@imet.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН; Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения, ОАО НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences; JSC Russian State Research Center “CNIITMASH”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костина М.В., Ригина Л.Г., Костина В.С., Кудряшов А.Э., Федорцов Р.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костина М.В., Ригина Л.Г., Костина В.С., Кудряшов А.Э., Федорцов Р.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostina M.V., Rigina L.G., Kostina V.S., Kudryashov A.E., Fedortsov R.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2474">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2474</self-uri><abstract><p>Mартенситные нержавеющие стали с 13 % Cr широко используются во многих отраслях промышленности благодаря высокому уровню механических свойств и приемлемой коррозионной стойкости. В работе консолидирована информация о гарантированном уровне свойств и условиях термической обработки, необходимых для его реализации. Сопоставлены свойства после предлагаемых исследователями обработок с известными для промышленного металла. Проанализированы зависимости твердости закаленных сталей типа 13Cr с 0,20 – 0,5 % С от температуры аустенитизации и сопутствующих изменений структуры. Выявлены температуры, обеспечивающие максимальное упрочнение и температуры, при которых сталь перестает упрочняться. Рассмотрено влияние длительности аустенитизации, скоростей нагрева и охлаждения на свойства сталей. Рассмотрены механические свойства и коррозионная стойкость после закалки, закалки и отпуска во взаимосвязи со структурно-фазовыми состояниями сталей. Подробно рассмотрено, как вид вторичных фаз при отпуске, их количество, распределение влияют на коррозионную стойкость сталей с 13 % Cr. Она повышается с ростом температуры нагрева при аустенитизации и снижается с ростом температуры отпуска вследствие выделения карбидов Cr23C6 и обеднения матрицы хромом до концентраций ниже 12 %. Температура отпуска 500 – 550 °С признана наихудшей: из-за интенсивного выделения карбидов сталь не пассивируется, скорость коррозии максимальна. Для сталей типа 20Х13 рекомендуются закалка с низким отпуском (для сочетания высокой прочности, хорошей коррозионной стойкости и удовлетворительной пластичности), либо, чаще, закалка с высоким отпуском при ~(650 – 700) °С (хорошая пластичность, удовлетворительная коррозионная стойкость). Для сталей типа 40Х13 температура ~700 °С не рекомендуется из-за повышенной концентрации карбидов и недостаточной коррозионной стойкости. Приведены примеры повышения износостойкости сталей типа 40Х13 за счет поверхностных обработок, от азотирования до лазерной и плазменной поверхностной закалки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Martensitic stainless steels with 13 % Cr are widely used in many industries due to their high level of mechanical properties and acceptable corrosion resistance. The paper consolidates information on the guaranteed level of properties and heat treatment conditions required for its implementation. The properties after treatments proposed by researchers are compared with those known for industrial metal. The dependences of the hardness of 13Cr type hardened steels with 0.20 – 0.50 % C on the austenitization temperature and the accompanying changes in structure have been analyzed. The temperatures providing maximum hardening and the temperatures at which the steel ceases to harden have been revealed. The effect of the duration of austenitization, heating and cooling rates on the properties of steels has been considered. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance after quenching, quenching and tempering in relation to structural-phase states of steels are considered. It is discussed in detail how the type of secondary phases during tempering, their amount, and distribution affect the corrosion resistance of steels with 13 % Cr. It increases with increasing heating temperature during austenitization and decreases with increasing tempering temperature due to the precipitation of Cr23C6 carbides and depletion of the matrix in chromium to the concentrations below 12 %. The tempering temperature of 500 – 550 °С is recognized as the worst: due to intensive precipitation of carbides the steel is not passive, and the corrosion rate is maximum. Quenching with low tempering is recommended for 20Cr13 steels (to combine high strength, good corrosion resistance and satisfactory plasticity), or, more often, quenching with high tempering is recommended at ~(650 – 700) °С (good plasticity, satisfactory corrosion resistance). For steels of 40Cr13 type the temperature of ~700 °С is not recommended because of the increased concentration of carbides and insufficient corrosion resistance. Examples of increasing the wear resistance properties of 40Cr13 steels due to surface treatments, from nitriding to laser and plasma surface quenching, are presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сталь</kwd><kwd>хром</kwd><kwd>легирование</kwd><kwd>карбиды</kwd><kwd>мартенсит</kwd><kwd>аустенит</kwd><kwd>закалка</kwd><kwd>отжиг</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd><kwd>коррозионная стойкость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>steel</kwd><kwd>chromium</kwd><kwd>alloying</kwd><kwd>carbides</kwd><kwd>martensite</kwd><kwd>austenite</kwd><kwd>quenching</kwd><kwd>annealing</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd><kwd>corrosion resistance</kwd><kwd>wear resistance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-23-01036.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-23-01036.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metals Handbook. 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