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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2022-11-814-823</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2436</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИИ В МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОМ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ И ЛАБОРАТОРНОМ ОБОРУДОВАНИИ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯХ И МАТЕРИАЛАХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATIONS IN METALLURGICAL INDUSTRIAL AND LABORATORY EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование физического моделирования для оценки влияния способа и скорости разливки на формирование осевой зоны крупного слитка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of physical simulation to evaluate the impact of teeming method and rate on axial zone formation of large ingots</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаманюк</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamanyuk</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Борисович Гаманюк, к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Технология материалов»</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei B. Gamanyuk, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Mate­rials Technology”</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gamanuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руцкий</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rutskii</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Руцкий, к.т.н., доцент, и.о. заведующего кафедрой «Технология материалов»</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Rutskii, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Acting Head of the Chair “Materials Technology”</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drutskii@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зюбан</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyuban</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Александрович Зюбан, д.т.н., профессор кафедры «Технология материалов»</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Zyuban, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair “Materials Techno­logy”</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tecmat@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириличев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirilichev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Владимирович Кириличев, студент</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Kirilichev, Student</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tecmat@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макс Станиславович Никитин, аспирант кафедры «Технология материалов»</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maks S. Nikitin, Postgraduate of the Chair “Materials Technology”</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tecmat@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурулев</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurulev</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Николаевич Гурулев, к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Технология материалов»</p><p>Россия, 400005, Волгоград, пр. им. В.И. Ленина, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii N. Gurulev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Materials Technology”</p><p>28 Lenina Ave., Volgograd 400005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tecmat@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>814</fpage><lpage>823</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаманюк С.Б., Руцкий Д.В., Зюбан Н.А., Кириличев М.В., Никитин М.С., Гурулев Д.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаманюк С.Б., Руцкий Д.В., Зюбан Н.А., Кириличев М.В., Никитин М.С., Гурулев Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gamanyuk S.B., Rutskii D.V., Zyuban N.A., Kirilichev M.V., Nikitin M.S., Gurulev D.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2436">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2436</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена изучению влияния способа и скорости разливки расплава на процесс затвердевания и особенности формирования осевой зоны крупного слитка. Исследования проводились с использованием метода физического моделирования, для проведения которого разработана и изготовлена лабораторная установка (изложница-кристаллизатор), позволяющая визуально изучать процессы, происходящие при затвердевании и структурообразовании модельных слитков. В качестве моделирующего раствора использовали натрий серноватистокислый (кристаллический гипосульфит) – Na2S2O3·5H2O. Соответствие процессов, происходящих на модели и в реальных условиях отливки промышленных слитков, оценивалось с помощью критериев подобия. Они были получены на основе теории размерностей, исходя из анализа физико-химических процессов, происходящих при разливке и кристаллизации слитка. Разливку расплава в изложницу-кристаллизатор выполняли двумя способами: сверху и сифоном. При моделировании слитков геометрические и технологические параметры отливки оставались неизменными, изменялась только скорость разливки расплава. Определялась протяженность и средняя ширина осевой зоны модельного слитка. С целью оценки изменения поля температур при разливке и кристаллизации слитка в течение всего времени затвердевания проводили термометрирование поверхности модели изложницы. Обработка тепловизионных изображений позволила получить изменение температуры поверхности модели изложницы по высоте слитков, отлитых с различными скоростями разливки расплава сверху. Анализ результатов исследований показал, что изменение скорости разливки расплава оказывает существенное влияние на протяженность осевой зоны. Установлено, что уменьшение скорости разливки расплава приводит к увеличению направленности кристаллизации и улучшению структуры осевой зоны слитка.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of evaluation of the impact of teeming method and rate on solidification and formation of the axial zone of large ingots. The research is based on a physical simulation. With this aim a laboratory-scale plant (a crystallization mould) was designed and built which enabled to visualize and monitor solidification and structural formation of the model ingots. Sodium thiosulphate (crystal hyposulphite) – Na2S2O3·5H2O was used as a modeling solution. Matching of the processes in the model and in real industrial conditions of ingot teeming was assessed with similarity criteria obtained on the basis of the dimension theory with consideration of the physical and chemical processes in the ingot during its teeming and crystallization. Two methods – downhill casting and uphill casting – were used to teem the melt into the mould. During teeming the geometry and technological parameters of the model ingots remained unchanged while the teeming rate was altered. Length and medium width of the model ingot axial zone were measured. The thermal profiling of the surface of the mould model was monitored over the entire period of solidification to evaluate the thermal field alteration while the ingot was teemed and crystallized. Thermal imaging processing made it possible to observe temperature changes of the surface of the model mould from top to bottom for downhill cast ingots teemed at different rates. The results obtained demonstrate that teeming rate has a noticeable impact on the axial zone length. It was established that a decreased rate leads to an increased directionality of crystallization and improvement of the ingot axial zone structure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>физическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>разливка сифоном</kwd><kwd>разливка сверху</kwd><kwd>изложница-кристаллизатор</kwd><kwd>скорость разливки расплава</kwd><kwd>процесс затвердевания</kwd><kwd>осевая зона</kwd><kwd>крупный кузнечный слиток</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>physical simulation</kwd><kwd>uphill casting</kwd><kwd>downhill casting</kwd><kwd>crystallization mould</kwd><kwd>teeming rate</kwd><kwd>solidification</kwd><kwd>axial zone</kwd><kwd>large forging ingot</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скобло С.Я., Казачков Е.А. Слитки для крупных поковок. 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