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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2022-9-644-653</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2397</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности микроструктуры, фазового состава и возможности упрочнения нержавеющих сталей с 13 – 17 % Cr</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of microstructure, phase composition and strengthening capability of stainless steels with 13 – 17 % Cr</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пумпянский</surname><given-names>Д.  А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pumpyanskii</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Пумпянский, к.т.н., д.э.н., председатель Наблюдательного совета</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Pumpyanskii, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Dr. Sci. (Economics), Chairman of the Supervisory Board</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пышминцев</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyshmintsev</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Юрьевич Пышминцев, д.т.н., профессор, генеральный директор</p><p>Россия, 143026, Москва, Инновационный центр Сколково, Большой бул., 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor’ Yu. Pyshmintsev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., General Director</p><p>5 Bol'shoi Blvd., Skolkovo, Moscow 143026, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pyshmintseviu@rosniti.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Битюков</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bityukov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Михайлович Битюков, к.т.н., заведующий лабораторией</p><p>Россия, 454139, Челябинск, ул. Новороссийская, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei M. Bityukov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>30 Novorossiiskaya Str., Chelyabinsk 454139, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">secretariat@rosniti.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гервасьев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gervas’ev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Антонович Гервасьев, д.т.н., профессор</p><p>Россия, 620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Gervas’ev, Dr. Sci.(Eng.), Prof.</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Антонович Гусев, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Россия, 143026, Москва, Инновационный центр Сколково, Большой бул., 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Gusev, Junior Researcher</p><p>5 Bol'shoi Blvd., Skolkovo, Moscow 143026, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GusevAA1@tmk-group.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ТМК НТЦ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “TMK STC”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «Российский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Research Institute of the Pipe Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>644</fpage><lpage>653</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пумпянский Д.А., Пышминцев И.Ю., Битюков С.М., Гервасьев М.А., Гусев А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пумпянский Д.А., Пышминцев И.Ю., Битюков С.М., Гервасьев М.А., Гусев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pumpyanskii D.A., Pyshmintsev I.Y., Bityukov S.M., Gervas’ev M.A., Gusev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2397">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2397</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследованы особенности структурных и фазовых превращений в высокопрочных, стойких к углекислотной коррозии, сложнолегированных сталях мартенситного, мартенсито-ферритного и аустенито-мартенситного классов с 13 – 17 % Cr. Путем термодинамического моделирования и экспериментального исследования проведена оценка влияния системы легирования на ход кристаллизации и фазовые превращения в интервале температур горячей деформации и термической обработки. По результатам рентгеноструктурного фазового анализа, оптической и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии определено влияние температуры нагрева под закалку на фазовый состав и микроструктуру. Показано, что при увеличении содержания никеля в микроструктуре сохраняется большое количество аустенита, что приводит к значительному снижению предела текучести при высоких показателях временного сопротивления и пластичности. Для получения преимущественно мартенситной структуры для стали переходного (аустенито-мартенситного) класса с 15 % Cr предложена многоступенчатая термическая обработка. Она включает закалку, промежуточный отжиг с выделением дисперсных частиц карбидной фазы, состав которых оценивали посредством микрорентгеноспектрального анализа, и финальный отпуск, определяющий механические свойства. По результатам испытания на растяжение сталей мартенситного и мартенсито-ферритного классов необходимый уровень прочностных свойств (σ0,65 ≥ 862 МПа, σв ≥ 931 МПа) был достигнут после термической обработки по режиму закалка с отпуском. Многоступенчатая термическая обработка стали с 15 % Cr и высоким содержанием никеля, включающая закалку, промежуточный отжиг для дестабилизации остаточного аустенита и финальный отпуск, обеспечила требуемый комплекс прочностных свойств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers the study of the features of structure and phase transformations in high-strength, resistant to carbon dioxide corrosion, complex alloyed steels of martensitic, austenitic-martensitic and martensitic-ferritic classes with 13 – 17 % Cr. Influence of the alloying on crystallization and solid state phase transformations was revealed in the temperature range of hot deformation and heat treatment using thermodynamic modeling and experimental study. The effect of quenching temperature on the phase composition and microstructure was analyzed as a result of X-ray diffraction phase analysis, optical and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that increase of nickel content leads to growth of retained austenite fraction resulting in significant decrease of yield strength along with high tensile strength and elongation. To obtain predominantly martensitic microstructure in martensitic-austenitic steel, the multistage heat treatment is proposed including quenching, intermediate annealing for precipitation of dispersed carbides and tempering forming final mechanical properties. The composition of precipitated carbides was evaluated by X-ray microanalysis. The results of the tensile test for steels with martensitic and martensitic-ferritic microstructure showed that required strength grade (σ0.65 ≥ 862 MPa; σв ≥ 931 MPa) was reached after heat treatment including quenching and tempering. Multistage heat treatment including quenching, intermediate annealing and final tempering was resulted in required strength properties of high-nickel martensitic-austenitic steel with 15 % Cr.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокохромистые стали</kwd><kwd>двухфазная структура</kwd><kwd>термическая обработка</kwd><kwd>просвечивающая электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>микрорентгеноспектральный анализ</kwd><kwd>вторичная фаза</kwd><kwd>реечный мартенсит</kwd><kwd>остаточный аустенит</kwd><kwd>δ-феррит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-chromium steels</kwd><kwd>two-phase structure</kwd><kwd>heat treatment</kwd><kwd>transmission electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>X-ray microanalysis</kwd><kwd>secondary phase</kwd><kwd>lath martensite</kwd><kwd>retained austenite</kwd><kwd>δ-ferrite</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают особую благодарность Хаткевичу В.М. и Арсенкину А.М. за помощь в проведении электронно-микроскопического исследования (ООО «ТМК НТЦ»), а также Михайлову С.Б. за помощь в проведении дилатометрического исследования (ФГАОУ ВО «УрФУ»).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to Khatkevich V.M. and Arsenkin A.M. for assistance in electron microscopy analysis (LLC “TMK STC”), as well as Mikhailov S.B. for assistance in conducting a dilatometric study (UrFU).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kimura M., Tamari T., Shimamoto K. 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