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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2022-3-179-187</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2273</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASICS OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Термодинамическая устойчивость микрогетерогенных состояний в расплавах Fe – Mn – C</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thermodynamic stability of microheterogenous states in Fe – Mn – C melts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-6523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицин</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsin</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Иванович Синицин, младший научный сотрудник, ас-пирант кафедры физики</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai I. Sinitsin, Junior Researcher, Postgraduate of the Chair of Physics</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.i.sinitsin@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Анатольевна Чикова, д.ф.-м.н., профессор кафедры физики; главный научный сотрудник</p><p>620002, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19</p><p>620017, Екатеринбург, пр. Космонавтов, 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga A. Chikova, Dr. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Prof. of the Chair of Physics; Chief Researcher</p><p>19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002</p><p>26 Kosmonavtov Ave., Yekaterinburg 620017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chik63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина; Уральский государственный педагогический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin; Ural State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синицин Н.И., Чикова О.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицин Н.И., Чикова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitsin N.I., Chikova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2273">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2273</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен анализ возможности существования микрогетерогенных состояний в расплавах Fe – Mn – C согласно представлениям химической термодинамики. Под микрогетерогенным состоянием химически неоднородного расплава Fe – Mn – C понималось наличие в нем дисперсных частиц Fe – C, которые взвешены в окружающей среде Mn – C и отделены от нее межфазной поверхностью. Микрогетерогенное состояние в расплавах Fe – Mn – C разрушается в результате нагрева до определенной для каждого состава температуры. В пользу гипотезы о микрогетерогенном состоянии расплавов Fe – Mn – C свидетельствуют многочисленные экспериментальные данные об их термодинамических и физических свойствах. Выявление аномалий температурных зависимостей физических свойств расплавов Fe – Mn – C позволило определить значения температур, перегрев расплава (Melt Superheating Treatment, MST) свыше которых приводит к разрушению микрогетерогенности, т. е. структурному переходу «жидкость – жидкость» (Liquid – liquid structure transition, LLT) в расплаве. Термин LLT понимается авторами как структурный переход «микрогетерогенный расплав – однородный раствор» и выражается в разрушении микрогетерогенного состояния при нагреве расплава Fe – Mn – C до определенной для каждого состава температуры (MST). Авторами ранее проведен анализ влияния LLT в расплавах Fe – Mn – C на микроструктуру, кристаллическое строение и механические свойства твердого металла в субмикрообъемах. В данной работе описан метод теоретического определения диапазона температур, где микрогетерогенное состояние расплава Fe – Mn – C термодинамически устойчиво. Проведена оценка термодинамической устойчивости дисперсных частиц Fe – C в среде Mn – C в формализме Гиббса по уравнениям, предложенным Г. Каптаем для регулярного раствора. Сделано предположение, что граница раздела дисперсная частица (Fe – C) и дисперсионная среда (Mn – C) обогащена углеродом. Показана возможность существования в расплаве Fe – Mn – C дисперсных частиц Fe – C, имеющих размеры от 2 до 34 нм, распределенных в дисперсионной среде Mn – C и отделенных от нее межфазной границей с повышенным содержанием углерода. Результат оценки согласуется с данными о размере структурных единиц вязкого течения, полученными ранее в рамках представлений теории абсолютных скоростей реакций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The probability of the existence of microheterogeneous states in Fe – Mn – C melts has been analyzed in accordance with the concepts of chemical thermodynamics. The microheterogeneous state of a chemically heterogeneous Fe – Mn – C melt was understood as the presence of dispersed Fe – C particles in it. These are suspended in the Mn – C medium and separated from it by an interface. The microheterogeneous state in Fe – Mn – C melts is destroyed as a result of heating to a temperature specific for each composition. The hypothesis of the microheterogeneous state of Fe – Mn – C melts is supported by a wide range of numerous experimental data on their thermodynamic and physical properties. The identification of anomalies in temperature dependences of physical properties of Fe – Mn – C melts has allowed for temperature values above which the melt superheating treatment (MST) causes destruction of microheterogeneity to be determined, i.e., liquid – liquid structure transition (LLT) in the melt. LLT is understood by the authors as a structural transition “microheterogeneous melt – homogeneous solution”. This is expressed as the destruction of the microheterogeneous state when the Fe – Mn – C melt is heated to a temperature specific for each composition (MST). The authors have previously analyzed the effect of LLT in Fe – Mn – C melts on the microstructure, crystal structure and mechanical properties of solid metal in submicrovolumes. This paper describes a method of theoretical determination of the temperature range where the microheterogeneous state of the Fe – Mn – C melt is thermodynamically stable. The thermodynamic stability of dispersed Fe – C particles in the Mn – C medium has been estimated according to the equations proposed by G. Kaptay for a regular solution. It was assumed that the interface between the dispersed particle (Fe – C) and the dispersion medium (Mn – C) is enriched with carbon. The paper demonstrates the possibility of existence in the Fe – Mn – C melt of dispersed Fe – C particles with sizes from 2 to 34 nm, distributed in the Mn – C dispersion medium and separated from it by an interface with increased carbon content. The estimated result is consistent with the data on the size of structural units of a viscous flow, obtained earlier within the framework of the theory of absolute reaction rates.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Fe – Mn – C</kwd><kwd>расплавы</kwd><kwd>структурный переход «жидкость – жидкость»</kwd><kwd>обработка расплава перегревом</kwd><kwd>микрогетерогенность</kwd><kwd>термодинамическая устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Fe – Mn – C</kwd><kwd>melts</kwd><kwd>liquid  –  liquid structure transition</kwd><kwd>melt superheating treatment</kwd><kwd>microheterogenity</kwd><kwd>thermodynamic stability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чикова О.А. О структурных переходах в сложнолегированных расплавах // Известия вузов. Черная металлургия. 2020. Т. 63. № 3–4. 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