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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2022-2-85-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Намагничивание ферромагнитной шихты при индукционном нагреве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Magnetization of ferromagnetic charge at induction heating</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левшин</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levshin</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геннадий Егорович Левшин, д.т.н., профессор кафедры «Машиностроительные технологии и оборудование»</p><p>656038, Алтайский край, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadii E. Levshin, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Chair “Engineering Technology and Equipment” </p><p>46 Lenina Ave., Barnaul, Altai Territory 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">levshing@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайский государственный технический университет имени И.И. Ползунова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polzunov Altai State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Левшин Г.Е., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Левшин Г.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Levshin G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2253">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2253</self-uri><abstract><p>Приведен анализ намагничивания и нагрева ферромагнитной шихты в тиглях индукционных печей двух видов. В индукторных печах шихта намагничивается вертикальным электромагнитным потоком, а в электромагнитных печах с изогнутым U-, С- или О-образным магнитопроводом (МПр) – горизонтальным потоком. Показана недостаточная изученность этих во многом общих процессов намагничивания. Отражена важность магнитной индукции Вi в материале шихты. Раскрыты трудности определения этого параметра при намагничивании одиночного куска шихты и связанных с ним других магнитных величин: индукции Вм и напряженности Нм размагничивающего поля, коэффициента размагничивания N, намагниченности М, магнитных проницаемостей вещества μi и тела μт, восприимчивости km и др. Трудности возрастают при намагничивании шихты, являющейся пористым телом с объемом Vт тигля и коэффициентом заполнения K v ≤ 0,5 этого объема ферромагнитными кусками. Оно также создает размагничивающее поле с индукцией Вмпт и напряженностью Н мпт. Кроме того, поры оказывают дополнительное размагничивающее действие. Поэтому индукция Вiпт в пористом теле меньше индукции Вi в сплошном теле. Для сравнения намагничивания ферромагнитной шихты горизонтальным и вертикальным потоками частотой 50 Гц проведены моделирующие опыты с образцами неуплотненной дроби ДСЛ08 из высокоуглеродистой стали (ГОСТ 11964 – 83), имеющей величину Kv ≈ 0,53. Образцы помещали в индуктор и между полюсами U-образного магнитопровода. Индукцию измеряли цилиндрическим и плоским зондами милитесламетра Ш1-15 в воздухе и в образце. Установлено преимущество электромагнитной печи над индукторной печью в более равномерном распределении индукции Вi в шихте и ее существенном превышении в 1,7 раза над индукцией В е в рабочей полости печи, что свидетельствует о более эффективном использовании электромагнитной энергии в этой печи при нагреве. Предложен контроль индукции Вi при нагреве шихты методом амперметра-вольтметра с помощью измерительной катушки из нагревостойкой проволоки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents analysis of magnetization and heating of ferromagnetic charge in crucibles of induction furnaces of two types. In inductor furnaces, the charge is magnetized by a vertical electromagnetic flow, and in electromagnetic furnaces with a curved U-, C-, or O-shaped magnetic circuit (MPr) – by a horizontal flow. Knowledge of these largely general magnetization processes is insufficient. Bi magnetic induction in charge material is rather important. There are difficulties in determining this parameter during magnetization of a single piece of charge and other magnetic quantities associated with it: Bm induction and Nm  strength of the demagnetizing field, N demagnetization coefficient, M magnetization, magnetic permeabilities of μi substance and μt body, km susceptibility, etc. Difficulties increase at magnetization, if it is a porous body with crucible volume of ~V t and a factor of filling with ferromagnetic pieces of this volume of Kv ≤ 0.5. It also creates a demagnetizing field with Bmt induction and Hmt strength. Beyond that, pores have an additional demagnetizing effect. Therefore, the induction Вiт in a porous body is less than the induction Вi in a solid one. To compare magnetization of ferromagnetic charge with horizontal and vertical flows with frequency of 50 Hz, modeling experiments were carried out with the samples of DSL08 unconsolidated shot from high-carbon steel (GOST 11964 – 83) with Kv ≈ 0.53. The samples were placed in the inductor and between the poles of a U-shaped core piece. Induction was measured by a cylindrical and flat probe unit of Sh1-15 militeslameter in air and in the sample. An advantage of electromagnetic furnace over an inductor one is more uniform distribution of Bi induction in charge and its significant excess (1.7 times) over the Be induction in a furnace working cavity, which indicates more efficient use of electromagnetic energy in this furnace during heating. The author proposed to control Вi induction when heating the charge by the ammeter-voltmeter method using measuring coil made of heat-resistant wire.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ферромагнитная шихта</kwd><kwd>намагничивание шихты</kwd><kwd>магнитная индукция</kwd><kwd>индукционный нагрев</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ferromagnetic charge</kwd><kwd>charge magnetization</kwd><kwd>magnetic induction</kwd><kwd>induction heating</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mühlbauer A. History of Induction Heating and Melting. Essen, 2008. 202 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mühlbauer A. History of Induction Heating and Melting. Essen, 2008, 202 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левшин Г.Е. 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