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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2021-11-846-854</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2209</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурно-фазовые изменения высокоэнтропийного сплава при облучении импульсным электронным пучком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural phase variations in high-entropy alloy at irradiation by pulsed electron beam</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8022-7958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Юрий Федорович - доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>634055, Томск, пр. Академический 2/3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii F. Ivanov - Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Chief Researcher, Institute of High Current Electronics, SB RAS.</p><p>2/3 Akademicheskii Ave., Tomsk 634055.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yufi55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Громов Виктор Евгеньевич – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля.</p><p>654007, Кемеровская обл. - Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor E. Gromov - Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel', Siberian State Industrial University.</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region - Kuzbass 654007.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-8660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коновалов Сергей Валерьевич - доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой технологии металлов и авиационного материаловедения.</p><p>443086, Самара, Московское шоссе, 34.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei V. Konovalov - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Metals Technology and Aviation Materials, Samara National Research University.</p><p>34 Moskovskoe Route, Samara 443086.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksv@ssau.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5677-1427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шлярова</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyarova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шлярова Юлия Андреевна - аспирант кафедры естественнонаучных дисциплин им. профессора В.М. Финкеля.</p><p>654007, Кемеровская обл. - Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Shlyarova - Postgraduate of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel', Siberian State Industrial University.</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region - Kuzbass 654007.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rubannikova96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-0249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorob'ev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Сергей Владимирович – доктор технических наук, старший научный сотрудник Управления научных исследований.</p><p>654007, Кемеровская обл. - Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei.V. Vorob'ev - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of Department of Scientific Research, Siberian State Industrial University.</p><p>42 Kirova Str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region - Kuzbass 654007.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sparrow1981@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of High-Current Electronics SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С.П. Королева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>846</fpage><lpage>854</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Шлярова Ю.A., Воробьев С.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов Ю.Ф., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Шлярова Ю.A., Воробьев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov Y.F., Gromov V.E., Konovalov S.V., Shlyarova Y.A., Vorob'ev S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2209">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2209</self-uri><abstract><p>По технологии проволочно-дугового аддитивного производства (WAAM) в атмосфере чистого азота получен высокоэнропийный сплав (ВЭС) системы Al - Co - Cr - Fe - Ni неэквиатомного состава. Методами современного физического материаловедения показано, что в исходном состоянии сплав имеет дендритное строение, что указывает на неоднородное распределение легирующих элементов. Сплав является многофазным материалом, основные фазы: Al3Ni, Cr3C2 , (Ni, Co)3Al4 . Наноразмерные частицы (Ni, Co)3Al4 кубической формы расположены вдоль границ раздела субмикронных фаз Al3Ni и Cr3C2 . Облучение ВЭС импульсными электронными пучками с плотностью энергии Es = 10 + 30 Дж/см2, длительностью импульса 50 мкс, частотой 3 Гц и числом импульсов 3 приводит к высокоскоростному плавлению и последующей кристаллизации поверхностного слоя. При Es = 10 Дж/см2 не происходит разрушения структуры дендритной кристаллизации. Междендритные пространства обогащены алюминием, никелем и железом, а сами дендриты атомами хрома. Наиболее ликвирующим элементом является алюминий, наименее - кобальт. При Es = 20 Дж/см2 в объеме зерен формируется нанокристаллическая структура в слое толщиной 15 мкм. Размер ячеек кристаллизации составляет 100 - 200 нм, размер включений в стыках ячеек 20 - 25 нм, а вдоль границ ячеек - 10 - 15 нм. Ячейки высокоскоростной кристаллизации обогащены алюминием и никелем. Атомы кобальта распределены по объему поверхностного слоя равномерно. Наиболее ликвирующим элементом является хром, наименее - кобальт. Увеличение плотности энергии пучка электронов до 30 Дж/см2 не приводит к существенным (по сравнению с 20 Дж/см2 ) изменениям структуры поверхностного слоя. Выявлен режим облучения (Es = 20 Дж/см2, 50 мкс, 3 импульса, 0,3 Гц), который позволяет сформировать поверхностный слой с наиболее высокой однородностью распределения химических элементов в сплаве.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high-entropy alloy (HEA) of Al - Co - Cr - Fe - Ni system of nonequiatomic composition is obtained by the technology of wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) in atmosphere of pure nitrogen. By the methods of modern physical materials science it is shown that in the initial state the alloy has dendritic structure indicating nonhomogeneous distribution of alloying elements. It is a multiphase material whose main phases are Al3NCr3C2 , (Ni, Co)3Al4 . Nonadimensional particles (Ni, Co)3Al4 of cubic shape are located along interfaces of submicron phases Al3Ni and Cr3C2 . The HEA irradiation by pulsed electron beams with energy density Es = 10 + 30 J/cm2, pulse duration of 50 is, frequency of 3 Hz and pulse number of 3 leads to high-velocity melting and subsequent crystallization of surface layer. If Es = 10 J/cm2, no failure of dendritic crystallization structure happens. Interdendritic spaces are enriched in chemical elements Al, Ni and Fe, and dendrites themselves - in chromium atoms. The most liquating element of the alloy is Al, the least one is Co. If Es = 20 J/cm2, a nanocrystalline structure is formed in the layer 15 inn thick in bulk of grains. Size of crystallization cells amounts to 100 - 200 nm, size of inclusions in cell junctions is 20 - 25 nm, and along cell boundaries it is 10 - 15 nm. Cells of high-velocity crystallization are enriched in Al and Ni. The Co atoms are homogeneously distributed along the surface layer volume. The most liquating element is Cr, the least liquating one is Co. The increase in energy density of electron beam to 30 J/cm2 doesn't lead to substantial (as compared to Es = 20 J/cm2 ) variations in surface layer structure. The irradiation mode (Es = 20 J/cm2, 50 is, 3 pulses, 0.3 Hz) is detected that allows formation of the surface layer with the highest level of homogeneity of chemical element distribution in the alloy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоэнтропийный сплав</kwd><kwd>проволочно-дуговое аддитивное производство</kwd><kwd>импульсный электронный пучок</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>фазовый и элементный состав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-entropy alloy</kwd><kwd>wire-arc additive manufacturing</kwd><kwd>pulsed electron beam</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>phase and elemental composition</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РНФ № 20-19-00452.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-19-00452).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Иванов Ю.Ф., Осинцев К.А., Рубанникова Ю.А., Перегудов О.А., Семин А.П. 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