blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2021-10-721-727blackmet-2189Research ArticleМЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИMETALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIESПолучение магнитов из материала системы Fe - Cr - Co методами селективного лазерного спеканияProduction of magnets from the material of Fe - Cr - Co system by selective laser sinteringhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5706-8685ЕфремовД. Б.EfremovD. B.

Ефремов Дмитрий Борисович – кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Инжиниринг технологического оборудования».

119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4.

Dmitrii B. Efremov - Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair “Engineering of Technological Equipment”, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” (MISIS).

4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049.

defremov@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1317-9025ГерасимоваА. А.GerasimovaA. A.

Герасимова Алла Александровна - кандидат технических наук, доцент, ученый секретарь кафедры «Инжиниринг технологического оборудования».

119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4.

Alla A. Gerasimova - Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Academic Secretary of the Chair “Engineering of Technological Equipment”, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” (MISIS).

4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049.

allochka@rambler.ruНациональный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»РоссияNational University of Science and Technology “MISIS” (MISIS)Russian Federation2021241120216410721727Copyright © Ефремов Д.Б., Герасимова А.А., 20212021Ефремов Д.Б., Герасимова А.А.Efremov D.B., Gerasimova A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2189

Приведены результаты исследования возможностей селективного лазерного плавления. Это так называемые аддитивные технологии для производства постоянных магнитов. Процесс позволяет производить не только модели изделий и прототипы, но и готовые функциональные изделия путем послойного добавления материала и связывания частиц и слоев друг с другом. В качестве материала для оценки сравниваемых технологий производства постоянных магнитов выбран сплав на основе системы Fe - Cr - Co. Рассмотрены области применения селективного лазерного плавления: исследованы порошки, полученные разными методами. Проанализирована классическая технология литья магнитного сплава: проведены исследования магнитных материалов и сравнения свойств порошковых магнитов и магнитов со стандартными характеристиками. На основе порошка сплава 25Х15КА, распыленного методом газовой атомизации, на установке селективного лазерного плавления можно изготовить постоянные магниты с плотностью материала 7,59 - 7,55 г/см3 (по ГОСТ 24897 - 81). Характеристики магнитов, полученных на установке селективного лазерного плавления, достигают показателей магнитов, изготовленных по классическим металлургическим технологиям. Для исследования магнитных и физических свойств было выпущено четыре образца с одинаковой геометрией в форме куба. При производстве каждого из испытуемых образцов были выбраны разные режимы работы установки. Образцы были изготовлены на базе Национального исследовательского центра «Курчатовский институт» Центрального научно-исследовательского института конструкционных материалов «Прометей» (НИЦ «Курчатовский институт» -ЦНИИ КМ «Прометей») в составе технологического комплекса НИО-35. Установлено, что характеристики порошков, полученных методом газовой атомизации, качественно превосходят характеристики порошков, полученных другими методами. Изготовленные магниты отвечают требованиям ГОСТ 24897 - 81.

The article presents results of the study of possibilities of selective laser melting (SLM), or so-called additive technologies, for production of permanent magnets. This process makes it possible to produce not only product models and prototypes, but also finished functional products using layer-by-layer addition of material and binding of particles and layers to each other. An alloy based on Fe - Cr - Co system has been chosen as the material for evaluation of the compared technologies for permanent magnets production. The application fields of selective laser melting (SLM/SLP) were considered. The powders obtained by different methods are taken for the research. Classical technology of magnetic alloy casting also was analyzed. The studies of magnetic materials and comparisons of the properties of powder magnets with standard data were carried out. On the basis of 25Kh15KA alloy powder sprayed by gas atomization, permanent magnets with a material density of 7.59 - 7.55 g/cm3 can be manufactured at the SLP plant. They meet the requirements recommended by the state standard GOST 24897 - 81, and achieve characteristics of magnets made by classical metallurgical technologies. To study the magnetic and physical properties, four samples were produced with the same geometry in the shape of a cube. During production of each of the test samples, different operating modes of the plant were selected. Samples were made on the basis of the “Kurchatov Institute” NRS enterprise (the “Prometheus” Central Research Institute of Construction Materials) as part of the NIO-35 technological complex. It was established that characteristics of the powders obtained by gas atomization qualitatively exceed characteristics of the powders obtained by other methods, and the produced magnets meet all the requirements for magnets.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.