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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2021-7-530-535</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2151</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОРЯДКЕ ДИСКУССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IN ORDER OF DISCUSSION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование поведения электромагнитных сил постоянного тока, действующих на каплю жидкого металла в процессе электрошлакового переплава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling the behavior of direct current electromagnetic forces acting on a drop of liquid metal during electroslag remelting</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуманов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumanov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Валерьевич Чуманов, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Техника и технологии производства материалов»</p><p>456217, Челябинская обл., Златоуст, ул. Тургенева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Il’ya V. Chumanov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of the Chair ‘Technique and Technology of Materials Production”</p><p>16 Turgeneva Str., Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region 456217</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chumanoviv@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Андреевич Алексеев, магистр кафедры «Техника и технологии производства материалов»</p><p>456217, Челябинская обл., Златоуст, ул. Тургенева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Alekseev, Master Student of the Chair “Technique and Technology of Materials Production”</p><p>16 Turgeneva Str., Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region 456217</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79058311597@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Д. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Сергеев, заведующий лабораториями кафедры «Техника и технологии производства материалов»</p><p>456217, Челябинская обл., Златоуст, ул. Тургенева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Sergeev, Head of the Laboratory of the Chair ‘Technique and Technology of Materials Production”</p><p>16 Turgeneva Str., Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region 456217</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergeevdv@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет), филиал в г. Златоуст</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Zlatoust Branch of the South Ural State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>530</fpage><lpage>535</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чуманов И.В., Алексеев И.А., Сергеев Д.B., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чуманов И.В., Алексеев И.А., Сергеев Д.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumanov I.V., Alekseev I.A., Sergeev D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2151">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2151</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлено математическое и компьютерное моделирование поведения капель жидкого электродного металла при протекании процесса электрошлакового переплава (ЭШП) на постоянном источнике тока. Изучение воздействия электрического поля, создаваемого постоянным током, позволило показать отклонение траектории движения капли от оси электрода. Поток электронов и капли электродного металла подвергаются воздействию электромагнитных сил, что приводит к их смещению относительно оси переплавляемого электрода. Данное воздействие влечет за собой дестабилизацию ванны жидкого металла и кристаллическую неоднородность. В свою очередь, внешнее воздействие на протекание процесса ЭШП может дать возможность стабилизации ванны жидкого металла даже с использованием постоянного тока. В данном качестве могут выступать центробежные силы, которые возникают в случае применения технологии с вращением расходуемого электрода вокруг собственной оси. Для установления оптимальных показателей скорости вращения необходимо оценить величину воздействия магнитного поля, возникающего в процессе переплава на постоянном токе. Моделирование проводилось с использованием программного пакета Ansys Fluent 16.0 на примере переплава стали 12Х18Н10Т под флюсом АНФ-6. Алгоритм вычисления Ansys Fluent основан на методе конечных элементов. В данной работе математический аппарат изменению не подвергался и использовался в первоначальном виде. Применялся метод магнитной индукции. База сведений о протекающем процессе строилась по сетке конечных элементов с определенным, но достаточным уровнем адекватности и качества. Каждый элемент содержит сведения о модели в данной точке, заданные для данного процесса моделирования. Выявлено изменение траектории движения капли электродного металла электрическим полем с противоположного направления, по которому стекает капля. Средняя длина пути, преодолеваемого каплей жидкого металла от оси кристаллизатора до внутренней поверхности, составляет от 5 до 15 см. Смоделировано движение капли электродного металла без наложенного внешнего магнитного поля. Моделирование позволило определить (оценить) направление движения капель электродного металла и показатель необходимой внешней силы для стабилизации ванны жидкого металла при протекании процесса ЭШП на постоянном токе, равный 0,067 Н.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents mathematical and computer modeling of the behavior of liquid electrode metal drops during the process of electroslag remelting (ESP) at a constant current source. The study of the effect of electric field created by direct current allowed us to show the deviation of the drop trajectory from the electrode axis. The flow of electrons and drops of the electrode metal are exposed to electromagnetic forces, which leads to their displacement relative to the remelted electrode axis. This effect entails destabilization of the liquid metal bath and crystal heterogeneity. In turn, the use of external influence on the flow of ESR process can make it possible to stabilize the liquid metal bath even with the use of direct current. Centrifugal forces can act as such forces. They can arise when implementing the technology with the consumable electrode rotation around its own axis. To establish the optimal parameters of rotation speed, it is necessary to estimate the magnitude of impact of the magnetic field that occurs during direct current remelting process. The modeling was carried out using the Ansys Fluent 16.0 software package on the example of remelting 12Kh18N10T steel under the flux ANF-6. The algorithm for calculating of Ansys Fluent is based on the finite element method. In this paper, the mathematical apparatus was not changed and was used in its initial form. The method of magnetic induction was used. The database of information about the ongoing process was built on a grid of finite elements with certain, but sufficient level of adequacy and quality. Each element contains information about the model at a given point, specified for this modeling process. We have revealed the change in the trajectory of the electrode metal drop by electric field from the opposite direction along which the drop flows. The average length of the path traversed by liquid metal drop from the mold axis to the inner surface is from 5 to 15 cm. The motion of an electrode metal drop without an external magnetic field was simulated. This simulation made it possible to determine (estimate) the direction of movement of electrode metal drops and the indicator of necessary external force to stabilize the liquid metal bath during ESP process at direct current equal to 0.067 N.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>электрошлаковый переплав</kwd><kwd>постоянный ток</kwd><kwd>джоулево тепло</kwd><kwd>кристаллизация</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd><kwd>магнитные силы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>electroslag remelting</kwd><kwd>direct current</kwd><kwd>Joule’s heat</kwd><kwd>crystallization</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency</kwd><kwd>magnetic forces</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-38-90081.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-38-90081.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernandez-Morales B., Mitchell A. 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