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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2021-7-510-518</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2149</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ В ЧЕРНОЙ  МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN FERROUS METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение методов математической статистики к измерению температуры стали в сталеразливочном и промежуточном ковшах при непрерывной разливке стали</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical statistics for measurement of steel temperature in steel-pouring ladle and tundish at steel continuous casting</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вильданов</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vil’danov</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Касимович Вильданов, заместитель генерального директора, ООО «ОгнеупорТрейдГрупп», кандидат технических наук, доцент, Национальный исследовательский  технологический  университет  «МИСиС»</p><p>125080, Москва, ул. Сурикова, 24; 119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei K. Vil’danov, Deputy General Director, LLC “OgneuporTradeGrupp”, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</p><p>24 Surikova Str., Moscow 125080; 4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vildanov@ogneupor.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подгородецкий</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podgorodetskii</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геннадий Станиславович Подгородецкий, кандидат технических наук, профессор, директор научно-образовательного центра «Инновационные металлургические технологии»</p><p>119049, Москва, Ленинский пр., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadii S. Podgorodetskii, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center “Innovative Metallurgical Technologies”</p><p>4 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podgs@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ОгнеупорТрейдГрупп»; &#13;
Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “OgneuporTradeGroup”; &#13;
National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>510</fpage><lpage>518</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вильданов С.К., Подгородецкий Г.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вильданов С.К., Подгородецкий Г.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vil’danov S.K., Podgorodetskii G.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2149">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2149</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрено распределение температур в стали при ее непрерывной разливке. Замер температур осуществлялся последовательно в сталеразливочном (один замер) и промежуточном (два замера) ковшах с помощью платино-платинородиевой термопары с точностью</p><p>±4 °С. В работе проанализированы результаты 170 разливок двух марок стали: 5СП и 35ГС. Выполнена проверка вида распределения совокупности температур на основе трех критериев согласия: χ-квадрат Пирсона, Колмогорова-Смирнова λ и Шапиро-Уилка W. Показано, что значения температур в сталеразливочном ковше для различных видов стали укладываются в модель нормального распределения. Полученные результаты согласуются с физической картиной разливки стали. Металл в сталеразливочном ковше находится практически в стабильном состоянии и подвержен только естественному охлаждению через футеровку, крышку и корпус ковша. В варианте анализа выборки значений температуры в промежуточном ковше при первом и втором замерах гипотезу о нормальном распределении следует отвергнуть. Здесь температура стали зависит от ряда параметров, в том числе от скорости поступления и скорости разливки, времени подачи и состава шлакообразующих и теплоизолирующих смесей и др. Попытки установить зависимость между температурами стали в сталеразливочном и промежуточном ковшах не увенчались успехом. Рассматривая измерение температуры в промежуточном ковше как два последовательных массива данных, первый из которых является аргументом, а второй – функцией, установлена линейная зависимость между этими массивами. Эта зависимость между первым и вторым измерениями температуры в промежуточном ковше может быть использована для оценки конечной температуры стали при выпадении показаний термопары, в том числе в случае выхода из строя. Результаты выполненной работы могут быть использованы при разработке математической модели разливки стали.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the temperature distribution in steel during its continuous casting. Temperatures were measured sequentially in the steelpouring ladle (one measurement) and in the tundish (two measurements) using a platinum-platinum-rhodium thermocouple with an accuracy of ±4 °C. We have analyzed the results of 170 casts of two steel grades: 5SP and 35GS. The type of temperatures set distribution was verified on the basis of three goodness-of-fit criteria: Pearson’s χ-square criterion, λ Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion and W Shapiro-Wilk criterion. The results obtained are consistent with the physical picture of steel casting. The metal in steel-pouring ladle is practically in a stable state and is subject only to natural cooling through the lining, top and ladle body. In the variant of analyzing a sample of temperature values in tundish at the first and second measurements, the hypothesis of normal distribution should be rejected. Here, the steel temperature depends on a number of parameters, including the feed rate and casting rate, feed time and composition of slag-forming and heat-insulating mixtures, etc. Attempts to establish the relationship between the steel temperatures of in steel-pouring ladle and tundish were unsuccessful. Considering the temperature measurement in tundish as two sequential data arrays, the first of which is an argument, and the second is a function, a linear relationship between these arrays was established. This relationship between the first and second temperature measurements in the tundish can be used to estimate the steel final temperature at thermocouple readout, including in the event of a failure. The results of the work can be used in development of a mathematical model of steel casting.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>температура стали</kwd><kwd>сталеразливочный ковш</kwd><kwd>промежуточный ковш</kwd><kwd>совокупность</kwd><kwd>математическая выборка</kwd><kwd>критерии согла- сия</kwd><kwd>гипотеза о нормальном распределении</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>steel temperature</kwd><kwd>steel-pouring ladle</kwd><kwd>tundish</kwd><kwd>mathematical sampling</kwd><kwd>goodness-of-fit criteria</kwd><kwd>normal distribution hypothesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Амелин А.В., Щипанов С.С., Амелин Ал.В., Фойгт Д.Б. Освоение непрерывной разливки стали в АО «ЕВРАЗ-ЗСМК» // Сталь. 2019. № 7. С. 14–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amlin A.V., Shchipanov S.S., Amelin Al.V., Foigt D.B. 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