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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2021-3-217-229</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности химического состава и структурно-фазового состояния, обусловившие снижение корозионной стойкости деталей из стали 18Cr-10Ni</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of chemical composition and structural-phase state decreasing corrosion resistance of parts from 18Cr-10Ni steel</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Владимировна Костина, д.т.н., доцент, ведущий научныйсотрудник, заведующий лабораторией физикохимии и механики металлических материалов</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya V. Kostina, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory “Physicochemistry and Mechanics of Metallic Materials”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvk@imet.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криворотов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivorotov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Иванович Криворотов, к.т.н., начальник отдела</p><p>141190, Московская обл., Фрязино, пл. Введенского 1, с. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii I. Krivorotov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of Division</p><p>1, bld. 3 Vvedenskogo Sqr., Fryazino, Moscow Region 141190</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vKrivorotov@ntoire-polus.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7956-499X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Сергеевна Костина, и.о. младшего научного сотрудника лаборатории физикохимии и механики металлических материалов</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina S. Kostina, Acting Junior Researcher of the Laboratory “Physicochemistry and Mechanics of Metallic Materials”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vskostina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудряшов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryashov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Эдуардович Кудряшов, инженер-исследователь</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr E. Kudryashov, Research Engineer</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al.kudriashov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурадян</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muradyan</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саркис Ованесович Мурадян, к.т.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории физикохимии и механики металлических материалов119334, Москва, Ленинский пр., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sarkis O. Muradyan, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Research Associate of the Laboratory “Physicochemistry and Mechanics of Metallic Materials”</p><p>49 Leninskii Ave., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muradianso@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО НТО «ИРЭ-Полюс»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC Sci.-Tech. Org. “IRE-Polyus”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>217</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костина М.В., Криворотов В.И., Костина В.С., Кудряшов А.Э., Мурадян С.О., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костина М.В., Криворотов В.И., Костина В.С., Кудряшов А.Э., Мурадян С.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostina M.V., Krivorotov V.I., Kostina V.S., Kudryashov A.E., Muradyan S.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2076">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2076</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследованы особенности химического состава и структурно-фазового состояния образцов металла стали 18Cr-10Ni (AISI 304), которые могли способствовать возникновению общего коррозионного повреждения и образованию питтингов деталей из указанной стали под воздействием агрессивной среды. Установлено, что содержание серы в стали превышает почти в 10 раз установленный стандартом на эту сталь уровень (&lt;0,03 % S), поэтому она содержит около 3 % (об.) сульфидов марганца размером 1 – ~50 мкм, образующих строчки и скопления вдоль направления прокатки. По литературным данным, в коррозионностойких сталях и сплавах наиболее коррозионно-активны именно частицы сульфида марганца (MnS). Они многократно снижают способность Fe – Cr – Ni сталей к пассивации в коррозионной среде. Для образования ионов FeSH+ необходима высокая концентрация ионов S2–, и чем крупнее включения частиц сульфидов, тем выше их способность снижать коррозионную стойкость стали. Поэтому крупный размер обнаруженных в стали частиц MnS играет важную негативную роль. Показано, что дополнительным фактором, способствующим снижению коррозионной стойкости изученной стали, является наличие в поверхностном слое мартенсита деформации, образующегося в процессе механической обработки при изготовлении резанием, шлифовкой деталей из заготовки. Появление этого мартенсита обусловлено низкой концентрацией элементов-аустенитообразователей (0,01 – 0,04 % С, 7,96 – 8,23 % Ni). Cталь на модифицированной диаграмме Шеффлера-Делонга находится в области, где возможно образование мартенсита; расчетное значение Мd(30/50) для нее составило 28 °С. По литературным данным, мартенсит деформации в сталях типа 18-10 вызывает снижение их стойкости к питтинговой коррозии в растворах кислот и солей. Показано, что наличие электрического потенциала активизирует коррозионное воздействие на образцы из стали 18Cr-10Ni в кислотной среде. Сделан вывод, что коррозионному повреждению деталей из исследованной стали способствовало наличие скоплений частиц сульфидов в отдельных участках металла в сочетании с присутствием в этих участках мартенсита деформации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Features of the chemical composition and structural-phase state of samples of steel 18Cr-10Ni (AISI 304) were investigated, which could contribute to the occurrence of general corrosion damage and the pittings formation on parts made of this steel under the influence of an aggressive environment. It has been established that the sulfur content in steel is almost 10 times higher than the level established by the standard for this steel (0.03 % S), therefore, it contains about 3 vol. % of manganese sulfides, 1 – ~ 50 μm in size, forming stitches and accumulations along direction of rolling. According to the literature, it is the particles of manganese sulfide (MnS) that are most corrosive in corrosion-resistant steels and alloys. They significantly reduce the ability of Fe – Cr – Ni steels to passivate in a corrosive environment. For the formation of FeSH+ ions, a high concentration of S2– ions is required. The larger the inclusions of sulfide particles are, the higher is their ability to reduce the corrosion resistance of steel. Therefore, the large size of MnS particles found in steel plays an important negative role. It is shown that an additional factor contributing to a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the studied steel is the presence of deformation martensite in the surface layer of the steel, which was formed in the process of machining during manufacturing by cutting and grinding parts from a billet. The appearance of this martensite is due to the low concentration of austenite-forming elements (0.01 – 0.04 % C, 7.96 – 8.23 % Ni). The steel on the modified Scheffler-Delong diagram is in the region where martensite can form; the calculated value of Мd(30/50) for it was 28 °С. According to literature data, deformation martensite in steels of 18-10 type causes a decrease in their resistance to pitting corrosion in solutions of acids and salts. It is shown that the presence of an electric potential activates the corrosive effect on 18Cr-10Ni steel samples in an acidic environment. It is concluded that the corrosion damage of parts made of the studied steel was facilitated by the presence of accumulations of sulfide particles in individual areas of the metal, combined with the presence of deformation martensite in these areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сталь 18Cr-10Ni</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>сульфиды</kwd><kwd>аустенит</kwd><kwd>мартенсит деформации</kwd><kwd>питтинговая коррозия</kwd><kwd>общая коррозия</kwd><kwd>диаграмма Шеффлера-Делонга</kwd><kwd>диаграмма Потака-Сагалевич</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>18Cr-10Ni steel</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>sulfides</kwd><kwd>austenite</kwd><kwd>deformation martensite</kwd><kwd>pitting corrosion</kwd><kwd>general corrosion</kwd><kwd>Scheffler-Delong diagram</kwd><kwd>Potak- Sagalevich diagrams</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках работ по госзаданию 075-00947-20-00.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out as part of the work under state task 075-00947-20-00.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фрейман Л.И., Реформатская И.И., Маркова Т.П. 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