blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2021-2-122-128blackmet-2062Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕMATERIAL SCIENCEО разрушении поверхностных слоев вольфрама и сталь-содержащих материалов при скольжении с токосъемом по молибденуDeterioration of surface layers of tungsten and steel-containing materials in current collection sliding against molybdenumhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-9221АлеутдиноваМ. И.AleutdinovaM. I.

Марина Ивановна Алеутдинова, к.т.н., научный сотрудник

634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4

Marina I. Aleutdinova, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Research Associate

2/4 Akademicheskii ave., Tomsk 634021

aleut@ispms.tsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5028-1002ФадинВ. В.FadinV. V.

Виктор Вениаминовичи Фадин, к.т.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник

634055, Томск, пр. Академический, 2/4

Viktor V. Fadin, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof., Senior Researcher

2/4 Akademicheskii ave., Tomsk 634021

fvv@ispms.tsc.ruИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНРоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, SB RASRussian Federation202102042021642122128Copyright © Алеутдинова М.И., Фадин В.В., 20212021Алеутдинова М.И., Фадин В.В.Aleutdinova M.I., Fadin V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2062

Рассмотрена возможность улучшения характеристик сухого скользящего электроконтакта с плотностью тока более 100 А/см2 путем применения молибденового контртела. Показано, что вольфрам или металлические материалы, содержащие подшипниковую сталь (1,5 % Cr), при скольжении по молибдену со скоростью 5 м/с под воздействием электрического тока формировали контакт с низкой электропроводностью и высокой интенсивностью изнашивания. Это наблюдение служило основой настоящей работы. Применяя оптическую и электронную микроскопию поверхностей скольжения, было установлено, что сильная адгезия в интерфейсе была главной причиной быстрого разрушения поверхностных слоев и высокой интенсивности изнашивания. Было принято во внимание известное утверждение о том, что адгезия обусловлена низким содержанием оксидов между поверхностями контакта. Визуальное изучение поверхности скольжения молибдена позволило установить образование тонкого слоя переноса и отсутствие следов образования оксидов. То же самое наблюдалось на поверхности скольжения вольфрама. Это явление обусловлено высокой температурой образования оксидов вольфрама и молибдена. На поверхности скольжения материалов, содержащих сталь, наблюдался слой оксидов железа. Кроме того, были обнаружены следы тонкого трибослоя. Увеличение концентрации стали в первичной структуре композитов приводило к некоторому увеличению количества оксидов железа на поверхности скольжения, но не приводило к существенному увеличению электропроводности и износостойкости контакта. Неудовлетворительные характеристики контакта позволили сделать вывод о невозможности значительного улучшения параметров скольжения с токосъемом по молибдену и нецелесообразности его применения в качестве контртела для этих условий.

The possibility of improving the characteristics of a dry sliding electrical contact with a current density higher than 100 A/cm2 by using a molybdenum counterbody is considered. It is shown that tungsten or metallic materials containing bearing steel (1.5 % Cr) in sliding against molybdenum at a speed of 5 m/s under electric current, forms a contact with low electrical conductivity and high wear intensity. This observation served as the basis of this work. Using optical and electron microscopy of sliding surfaces it was found that strong adhesion in the interface was the main reason for rapid surface layers deterioration and high wear intensity. A well-known statement was taken into account that adhesion is due to the low oxide content between the contact surfaces. Visual study of molybdenum sliding surface made it possible to establish formation of a thin transfer layer and absence of traces of oxide formation. The same was observed on sliding surface of tungsten that was caused by high temperature of tungsten and molybdenum oxides formation. A layer of iron oxides was observed on sliding surface of steel containing materials. In addition, traces of a thin tribolayer were find out. An increase in concentration of steel in the primary structure led to a slight increase in iron oxides on the sliding surface, but did not lead to a significant increase in electrical conductivity and wear resistance of the contact. Unsatisfactory characteristics of the contact allowed us to conclude that it is impossible to significantly improve sliding parameters with current collection against molybdenum and inappropriateness of its use as a counterbody for these conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.