blackmetИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Черная МеталлургияIzvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy0368-07972410-2091National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"10.17073/0368-0797-2021-1-68-74blackmet-2042Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕMATERIAL SCIENCEДеформационное поведение высокоэнтропий- ного сплава системы Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni, изготовленного методом проволочно-дугового аддитивного производстваDeformation behavior of high-entropy alloy system Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni achieved by wire-arc additive manufacturinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-5504ИвановЮ. Ф.IvanovYu. F.

Юрий Федорович Иванов, д.ф.-м.н., профессор, Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет, главный научный сотрудник, Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН

654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42634055, Томск, пр. Академический 2/3

Yurii F. Ivanov, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Siberian State Industrial University, Chief Researcher, Institute of High Current Electronics

42, Kirova str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass, 6540072/3, Akademicheskii ave., Tomsk 634021 

yufi55@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-6747ОсинцевК. А.OsintsevK. A.

Кирилл Александрович Осинцев, аспирант кафедры технологии металлов и авиационного материаловедения, Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С.П. Королева, Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет

654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42443086, Самара, Московское ш. 32 

Kirill A. Osintsev, Postgraduate of the Chair of Metals Technology and Aviation Materials, Siberian State Industrial University, Samara National Research University

42, Kirova str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass, 65400734, Moskovskoe route, Samara 443086 

osincev.ka@ssau.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5343ГромовВ. Е.GromovV. E.

Виктор Евгеньевич Громов, д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. проф. В.М. Финкеля

654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Viktor E. Gromov, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’

42, Kirova str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass, 654007

gromov@physics.sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-8660КоноваловС. В.KonovalovS. V.

Сергей Валерьевич Коновалов, д.т.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой технологии металлов и авиационного материаловедения, Самарский национальный исследовательский университет имени академика С.П. Королева

654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42443086, Самара, Московское ш. 32 

Sergei V. Konovalov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Siberian State Industrial University Head of the Chair of Metals Technology and Aviation Materials, Samara National Research University

42, Kirova str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass, 65400734, Moskovskoe route, Samara 443086 

ksv@ssau.ruПанченкоИ. А.PanchenkoI. A.

Ирина Алексеевна Панченко, к.т.н., доцент кафедры менеджмента качества и инноваций

654007, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42

Irina A. Panchenko, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of the Chair of Quality Management and Innovation

42, Kirova str., Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass, 654007

i.r.i.ss@yandex.ruСибирский государственный индустриальный университет; Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАНРоссияSiberian State Industrial University; Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, SB RASRussian FederationСибирский государственный индустриальный университет; Самарский национальный исследовательский университет им. академика С.П. КоролеваРоссияSiberian State Industrial University; Samara National Research UniversityRussian FederationСибирский государственный индустриальный университетРоссияSiberian State Industrial UniversityRussian Federation2021160220216416874Copyright © Иванов Ю.Ф., Осинцев К.А., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Панченко И.А., 20212021Иванов Ю.Ф., Осинцев К.А., Громов В.Е., Коновалов С.В., Панченко И.А.Ivanov Y.F., Osintsev K.A., Gromov V.E., Konovalov S.V., Panchenko I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2033

По технологии проволочно-дугового аддитивного производства (WAAM) в атмосфере чистого аргона получен неэквиатомный высокоэнтропийный сплав (ВЭС) системы Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni. Исходная проволока состояла из трех жил различного химического состава: чистая алюминиевая проволока (99,95 % Al), хромоникелевая проволока (≈20 % Cr, ≈80 % Ni), проволока из кобальтового сплава (≈17 % Co, ≈54 % Fe, ≈29 % Ni). Полученная заготовка высокоэнтропийного сплава представляла собой параллелепипед, состоящий из 20 наплавленных слоев в высоту и четырех слоев в толщину. Сплав имел следующий элементный состав, выявленный методами энергодисперсионной рентгеновской спектроскопии, % (ат.): алюминий (35,67 ± 1,34), никель (33,79 ± 0,46), железо (17,28 ± 1,83), хром (8,28 ± 0,15), кобальт (4,99 ± 0,09). Методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии обнаружено, что исходный материал имеет дендритную структуру и содержит на границах зерен частицы второй фазы. Карты распределения элементов, полученные методами картирования, показали, что объемы зерен обогащены алюминием и никелем, тогда как границы зерен содержат хром и железо. Кобальт распределен в кристаллической решетке полученного ВЭС квазиоднородно. Показано, что при испытаниях на растяжение разрушение материала произошло по механизму внутризеренного скола. Выявлено формирование хрупких трещин вдоль границ и в стыках границ зерен, т. е. в местах, содержащих включения вторых фаз. Высказано предположение, что одной из причин повышенной хрупкости ВЭС, изготовленного методом проволочно-дугового аддитивного производства, является выявленное неравномерное распределение элементов в микроструктуре сплава, а также наличие в объеме материала несплошностей различной формы и размеров.

A non-equiatomic high-entropy alloy (HEA) of the Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni system was obtained using wire-arc additive manufacturing technology in the atmosphere of pure argon. The initial wire had 3 conductors with different chemical composition: pure aluminum wire (Al ≈ 99.95 %), chromium-nickel wire (Cr ≈ 20 %, Ni ≈ 80 %), and cobalt alloy wire (Co ≈ 17 %, Fe ≈ 54 %, Ni ≈ 29 %). The resulting sample of high-entropy alloy was a parallelepiped consisting of 20 deposited layers in height and 4 layers in thickness. The alloy had the following elemental composition, detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy: aluminum (35.67 ± 1.34 at. %), nickel (33.79 ± 0.46 at. %), iron (17.28 ± 1.83 at. %), chromium (8.28 ± 0.15 at. %) and cobalt (4.99 ± 0.09 at. %). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the source material has a dendritic structure and contains particles of the second phase at grain boundaries. Element distribution maps obtained by mapping methods have shown that grain volumes are enriched in aluminum and nickel, while grain boundaries contain chromium and iron. Cobalt is distributed in the crystal lattice of the resulting HEA quasi-uniformly. It is shown that during tensile tests, the material was destroyed by the mechanism of intra-grain cleavage. The formation of brittle cracks along the boundaries and at the junctions of grain boundaries, i.e., in places containing inclusions of the second phases, is revealed. It was suggested that one of the reasons for the increased fragility of HEA, produced by wire-arc additive manufacturing, is revealed uneven distribution of elements in microstructure of the alloy and also the presence in material volume of discontinuities of various shapes and sizes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.