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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2020-11-12-935-945</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2016</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASICS OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Термодинамический анализ восстановления хрома из оксида Cr2O3</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thermodynamic analysis of chromium reduction from oxide Cr2O3</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., профессор кафедры «Материаловедение и физико-химия материалов»</p><p>454080, Россия, Челябинск, пр. Ленина, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Chair of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry of Materials</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetcovys@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качурина</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachurina</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.х.н., доцент кафедры «Теоретическая и прикладная химия»</p><p>454080, Россия, Челябинск, пр. Ленина, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Assist. Professor of the Chair of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kachurinaoi@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>935</fpage><lpage>945</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов Ю.С., Качурина О.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов Ю.С., Качурина О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov Y.S., Kachurina O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2016">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2016</self-uri><abstract><p>Выполнен термодинамический анализ восстановления хрома из его оксида в контактирующей с углеродом газовой фазе Н2 – Н2О – СО – СО2 . Окислительный потенциал (pO2 ) газовой фазы определяется двумя номограммами в координатах</p><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>и</title><p>и</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>с учетом условия нормировки xH2O + xH2 + xCO2+ xCO = 1. При расчетах возможные параметры восстановления хрома из оксида Cr2O3 определены соотношением упругости диссоциации оксида и окислительного потенциала газовой фазы. В системе СО – СО2 – С хром восстанавливается при температуре 1505 К, если xCO &gt; 0,9995. При этой температуре соединение Cr2O3 восстанавливается в водяном газе состава xH2= 0,0186, xH2O = 0,28·10–4, xCO = 0,9809, xCO2= 4,86·10–4, для которого окислительный потенциал равен упругости диссоциации оксида:</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>При увеличении концентрации водорода от 0,0186 до 0,9900 окислительный потенциал водяного газа в контакте с углеродом уменьшается на четыре порядка: до</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>Это должно приводить к существенному росту скорости восстановления. В такой газовой атмосфере возможно восстановление хрома при температуре 1230 К. Получить восстановительный водяной газ технологически просто и с меньшими затратами можно, например, при нагревании паров воды в контакте с углеродом. Показано, что при температуре 1500 К получается водяной газ со следами соединений Н2О и СО2 с параметрами xH2 = 0,4999, xCO = 0,4996,</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>Окислительный потенциал такого газа меньше, чем у оксида хрома, и эта разница существенно увеличивается с повышением температуры.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thermodynamic analysis of chromium reduction from its oxide in gas phase Н2 – Н2О – СО – СО2 in contact with carbon was performed. Oxidation potential (pO2 ) was determined by two nomograms in the coordinates</p><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>and</title><p>and</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>taking into account condition normalizations xH2O + xH2 + xCO2+ xCO = 1. In calculations, possible parameters of reduction of chromium from Cr2O3 oxide were determined by ratio of dissociation elasticity of the oxide and oxidation potential of the gas phase. In the СО – СО2 – С system, chromium is reduced at temperature of 1505 K if xCO &gt; 0.9995. At this temperature, Cr2O3 compound is reduced in water gas of the following composition xH2 = 0.0186, xH2O = 0.28·10–4, xCO = 0.9809, xCO2 = 4.86·10–4, for which the oxidation potential is equal to dissociation elasticity of oxide</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>With an increase in hydrogen concentration from 0.0186 to 0.99, oxidation potential of water gas in contact with carbon decreases by four orders of magnitude to</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>This should lead to a significant increase in reduction rate. In such a gaseous atmosphere, it is possible to reduce chromium at temperature of 1230 K. It is technologically simple to obtain reducing water gas and at the lowest cost, for example, by heating water vapor in contact with carbon. It is shown that at temperature of 1500 K water gas is obtained with traces of Н2О and СО2 compounds with parameters xH2 = 0.4999, xCO = 0.4996,</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>Oxidizing potential of such a gas is less than that of chromium oxide, and this difference significantly increases with increasing temperature.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксид хрома</kwd><kwd>восстановление</kwd><kwd>водяной газ</kwd><kwd>газификация углерода</kwd><kwd>окислительный потенциал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromium oxide</kwd><kwd>reduction</kwd><kwd>water gas</kwd><kwd>carbon gasification</kwd><kwd>oxidation potential</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waldenstram M., Uhrenius B. A thermodynamic analysis of the Fe – Cr – C // Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy. 1977. Vol. 6. 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(In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
