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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2020-11-12-915-921</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-2013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние поверхностной закалки на морфологию и фазовый состав феррито-перлитной стали</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of surface quenching on morphology and phase composition of ferritic-pearlitic steel</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>634003, Россия, Томск, пл. Соляная, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya-popova-44@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никоненко</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonenko</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., доцент кафедры физики, химии и теоретической механики</p><p>634003, Россия, Томск, пл. Соляная, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Assist. Professor of the Chair of Physics, Chemistry, and Theoretical Mechanics</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vilatomsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Табиева</surname><given-names>E. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tabieva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p><p>070004, Казахстан, Усть-Каменогорск, ул. Протозанова А.К., 69</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate</p><p>Ust-Kamenogorsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">erkezhan.tabieva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уазырханова</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uazyrkhanova</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор филосовских наук, доцент кафедры энергетики и технической физики</p><p>070004, Казахстан, Усть-Каменогорск, ул. Протозанова А.К., 69</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Assist. Professor of the Chair of Energetics and Technical Physics</p><p>Ust-Kamenogorsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GUazyrhanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой естественнонаучных дисциплин им. проф. В.М. Финкеля</p><p>654041, Россия, Кемеровская обл. – Кузбасс, Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Professor, Head of the Chair of Science named after V.M. Finkel’</p><p>Novokuznetsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov@physics.sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Томский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Казахстанский государственнный технический университет им. Д. Серикбаева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. Serikbayev Eastern Kazakhstan State Technical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>915</fpage><lpage>921</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Н.А., Никоненко Е.Л., Табиева E.Е., Уазырханова Г.К., Громов В.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Н.А., Никоненко Е.Л., Табиева E.Е., Уазырханова Г.К., Громов В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova N.A., Nikonenko E.L., Tabieva E.E., Uazyrkhanova G.K., Gromov V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2013">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/2013</self-uri><abstract><p>Методом просвечивающей дифракционной электронной микроскопии на тонких фольгах проведено исследование изменений морфологии матрицы и фазового состава, возникающих в стали феррито-перлитного класса марки Ст2 при электролитно-плазменной поверхностной закалке. Исходное состояние Ст2: материал, прошедший закалку от температуры 890 °С (2,0 – 2,5 ч) с охлаждением в теплую (30 – 60 °С) воду и последующий отпуск при температуре 580 °С (2,5 – 3,0 ч). Поверхностная закалка осуществлялась в водно-солевом растворе в течение 4 с при температуре 850 – 900 °С, напряжении 320 В, силе тока 40 A. В исходном состоянии морфологическими составляющими матрицы стали были пластинчатый перлит и нефрагментированный и фрагментированный феррит. Поверхностная закалка при- вела к превращениям морфологии и фазового состава: 1 – к мартенситному превращению (морфологическими составляющими матрицы являются пакетный, пластинчатый низкотемпературный и высокотемпературный мартенсит); 2 – к «самоотпуску» стали (внутри всех кристаллов мартенсита присутствуют тонкие пластинчатые выделения цементита); 3 – к диффузионному γ → α-превращению и выделению остаточного аустенита (γ-фазы) в виде тонких прослоек по границам реек и пластин низкотемпературного мартенсита и внутри всех кристаллов пластинчатого мартенсита в виде «игл» по типу колоний двойникового типа. Поверхностная закалка привела к выделению специальных карбидов фазы Ме23С6 . Установлено, что выделение этих карбидов обусловлено, во-первых, распадом остаточного аустенита и мартенсита; во-вторых, частичным растворением цементита; в-третьих, уходом углерода с дислокаций и границ кристаллов α-фазы. Это означает, что во всех случаях углерод из остаточного аустенита, α-твердого раствора, частиц цементита и дефектов кристаллической решетки идет на образование специальных карбидов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study was carried out by means of transmission electron microscopy on thin foils to investigate the changes in matrix morphology and phase composition occurring in ferritic-pearlitic steel of St2 grade (Russian) under plasma electrolytic surface quenching. In the original state St2 steel is a material which underwent quenching under the temperature of 890 °C (2 – 2.5 h) with cooling into warm water (30 – 60 °C) and further tempering under the temperature of 580 °С (2.5 – 3 h). Surface quenching was conducted in aqueous salt solution during 4 seconds under the temperature of 850 – 900 °C, voltage of 320 V, and current rate of 40 A. In the original state morphological components of the steel matrix were lamellar pearlite and non-fragmented and fragmented ferrite. Surface quenching resulted in the following transformations of morphology and phase composition: 1 – to martensitic transformation (morphological components are lath martensite, lamellar low-temperature and high temperature martensite), 2 – to steel self-tempering (inside all martensite crystals there are thin plate-like precipitations of cementite), 3 – to diffusion transformation γ → α and precipitation of retained austenite (γ-phase) given as thin layers along the boundaries of laths and plates of low-temperature martensite and inside all the crystals of lamellar martensite in the shape of “needles” like in twin type colonies. Surface quenching led to precipitation of special carbides of Мe23С6 phase. It was revealed that carbide precipitation is attributed primarily to decomposition of retained austenite and martensite and also to partial dissipation of cementite and, moreover, it is due to carbon removal from dislocations and the boundaries of α-phase crystals. That means that in all cases carbon from retained austenite, α-solid solution, cementite particles and defects of crystal lattice is used for the formation of special carbides.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сталь</kwd><kwd>поверхностная закалка</kwd><kwd>превращение</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>феррит</kwd><kwd>перлит</kwd><kwd>мартенсит</kwd><kwd>остаточный аустенит</kwd><kwd>цементит</kwd><kwd>частица</kwd><kwd>фазовый состав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>steel</kwd><kwd>surface hardening</kwd><kwd>transformation</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>ferrite</kwd><kwd>perlite</kwd><kwd>martensite</kwd><kwd>residual austenite</kwd><kwd>cement</kwd><kwd>particle</kwd><kwd>phase composition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skeeba V.Yu., Ivancivsky V.V., Martyushev N.V., Lobanov D.V., Vakhrushev N.V., Zhigulev A.K. 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