References

blackmet

Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия

Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy

0368-07972410-2091

National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"

10.17073/0368-0797-2020-10-773-781

blackmet-1990

Research Article

По итогам Международной научной конференции «ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ» им. академика А.М. САМАРИНА, Москва, 25 – 28 ноября 2019 г.

Futher to the International Scientific Conference “PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASES OF METALLURGICAL PROCESSES” named after Academician A.M. SAMARIN, Moscow, November 25 – 28, 2019

Из истории азотированных ферросплавов

From the history of nitrided ferroalloys

Зиатдинов

М. Х.

Ziatdinov

M. Kh.

д.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории высокоэнергетических материалов

634050, Россия, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36

Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of High-Energy Materials

ziatdinovm@mail.ru

Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университетРоссияNational Research Tomsk State UniversityRussian Federation

2020

09122020

6310

773–781

2020

Зиатдинов М.Х.

Ziatdinov M.K.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1990

Приведены результаты исследования истории появления азотированных ферросплавов и развития технологий азотсодержащих сталей и лигатур. Важнейшими достоинствами азота как легирующего элемента являются его доступность и практически неограниченные запасы в природе. Технология добычи азота не причиняет окружающей среде никакого вреда и не сопровождается образованием отходов. Новые технологии азотированных ферросплавов и новые составы азотсодержащих лигатур возникали как ответ на создание новых марок сталей, легированных азотом. При этом наибольший вклад в развитие технологии азотированных сталей и ферросплавов внесли исследователи Европы, США и Советского Союза. Азотированный феррохром появился из необходимости легирования нержавеющих сталей различного класса. Азотированный феррованадий был создан для микролегирования высокопрочных низколегированных сталей. Для легирования азотом трансформаторной стали был разработан легирующий материал на основе нитрида кремния. Азотсодержащие композиции на основе марганца являются универсальными легирующими материалами широкого спектра применения. Технологии азотированных ферросплавов развивались в направлении создания составов с максимальным содержанием азота при минимальном расходе материальных ресурсов. Сейчас успешно развиваются технологии непосредственного введения газообразного азота в жидкий металл при внепечной обработке, легирование при помощи его твердых носителей остается универсальным способом выплавки азотсодержащих сталей. Азот в природе встречается исключительно в газообразном виде, поэтому для введения в сталь возникает необходимость его фиксирования в составе какого-либо твердого вещества. При этом такой азотсодержащий материал должен быть совместим со стальным расплавом и технологичным при применении. Эту задачу полностью решает технология самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС), позволяющая получать композиционные ферросплавы на основе нитридов со свойствами, недостижимыми для печного процесса.

The article considers research on the history of nitrided ferroalloys appearance and development of technologies for nitrogen-containing steels and ligatures. The most important advantages of nitrogen as an alloying element are its availability and almost unlimited reserves in nature. The technology of nitrogen extraction does not cause any harm to the environment and is not accompanied by the formation of waste. New technologies of nitrided ferroalloys and new compositions of nitrogen-containing ligatures emerged as a response to the creation of new grades of nitrogen-alloyed steels. At the same time, researchers in Europe, the United States, and the Soviet Union made the greatest contribution to the development of nitrided steel and ferroalloys technology. Nitrided ferrochrome emerged from the need for alloying stainless steels of various classes. Nitrided ferrovanadium was created for microalloying high-strength low-alloy steels. For nitrogen alloying of transformer steel, an alloying material based on silicon nitride was developed. Nitrogen-containing compositions based on manganese are universal alloying materials for a wide range of applications. Technologies of nitrided ferroalloys developed in the direction of creating compositions with the maximum nitrogen content with minimal consumption of material resources. Currently, technologies for direct introduction of nitrogen gas into liquid metal during out-of-furnace processing are being successfully developed. Alloying with its solid carriers remains a universal method for smelting nitrogen-containing steels. Nitrogen in nature occurs exclusively in a gaseous form, so for introduction to steel, it is necessary to fix it in the composition of a solid substance. At the same time, such a nitrogen-containing material must be compatible with the steel melt and technological in use. This problem is completely solved by the technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), which allows obtaining composite ferroalloys based on nitrides, with properties that are unattainable for the furnace process.

азотированные ферросплавыистория ферросплавовазотсодержащие сталиферрохром азотированныйферрованадий азотированныймарганец азотированныйкомпозиционные ферросплавысамораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез

nitrided ferroalloyshistory of ferroalloysnitrogen-containing steelsnitrided ferrochromenitrided ferrovanadiumnitrided manganesecomposite ferroalloysself-propagating high-temperature synthesis

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.