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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">blackmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Черная Металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-0797</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-2091</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0368-0797-2020-8-644-650</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">blackmet-1957</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механические свойства и структура отливок при различных способах внепечной обработки жидкой и кристаллизующейся стали</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanical properties and structure of castings at different ladle processing of liquid and crystalizing steel</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор кафедры «Металлургические технологии и оборудование»</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Chair “Metallurgical Technology and Equipment”</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заместитель директора по спецтехнике</p><p>603951, Нижний Новгород, ул. Баррикад, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Director on Special-Purpose Equipment</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nil_st@nntu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПAО «Завод «Красное Сормово»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PJSC “Krasnoe Sormovo”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>644</fpage><lpage>650</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чернышов Е.А., Баев И.В., Романов А.Д., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чернышов Е.А., Баев И.В., Романов А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernyshov E.A., Baev I.V., Romanov A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1957">https://fermet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1957</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе приведены исследования по влиянию внешнего воздействия при заливке высокопрочной легированной стали в т ные металлооболочковые формы с внешним охлаждением и в такие же формы с суспензионной заливкой – комплексное воздействие на затвердевающую отливку. Рассматриваются предпосылки для выбора данных технологий. В качестве контрольного металла исследовали отливку, полученную в объемной жидкостекольной форме. Исследовали макроструктуру, излом и механические свойства металла при нормальной (+20 °С) и повышенной (+350 °С) температурах. Наиболее плотная и однородная структура и излом получены у отливки при комплексном воздействии. Установлено, что главное преимущество предлагаемых технологий – повышение однородности механических свойств по сечению и высоте отливок, особенно пластических свойств и ударной вязкости. Анизотропия свойств по сечению и высоте опытных отливок значительно меньше, чем в контрольной отливке. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что внешнее и комплексное воздействие на формирующуюся отливку позволяет повысить ее механические свойства при различных температурах испытания образцов. У отливки, полученной в металлооболочковой форме с принудительным охлаждением, не наблюдается заметной разницы в механических свойствах как по ее высоте, так и по сечению. При этом прочностные свойства в среднем на 100 МПа выше, чем у контрольной отливки, при сохранении высоких значений пластичности и ударной вязкости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents studies on the effect of external influences when pouring-in high-strength alloyed steel into thin-walled metalshell molds with external cooling and into the same molds with suspension pouring-in (complex effect on hardened casting). Prerequisites for the selection of these technologies are considered. As control metal, we have investigated the casting received in volume liquid glass form. Macrostructure, cross-sectional view and mechanical properties of the metal at normal (+20 °C) and raised (+350 °C) temperatures were studied. The most dense and uniform structure and cross-sectional view were received in casting at complex influence. It was established that the main advantage of the offered technologies is increase in uniformity of mechanical properties on the section and height of castings, especially of plastic properties and impact strength. The anisotropy of properties on the section and height of pilot castings is much less, than in control casting. As a result of the studies, it was found that the external and complex effect on the forming casting allows one to affect the macrostructure and to improve the mechanical properties of castings at various test temperatures of the samples. In castings obtained in a metal-shell form with forced cooling, there is no noticeable difference in the mechanical properties both in height and in cross section of the casting. Moreover, the strength properties are by an average 100 MPa higher than that of the control casting, while maintaining high values of ductility and toughness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сталь</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd><kwd>излом</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>кристаллизация</kwd><kwd>суспензионная заливка</kwd><kwd>отливка</kwd><kwd>неметаллические включения</kwd><kwd>металлооболочковая форма</kwd><kwd>объемная форма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>steel</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd><kwd>kink</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>crystallization</kwd><kwd>suspension priming</kwd><kwd>casting</kwd><kwd>nonmetallic inclusions</kwd><kwd>metal-shell form</kwd><kwd>volume form</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горынин И.В., Малышевский В.А., Хлусова Е.И. и др. 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